r-pr

Egyptian

Etymology

r(ꜣ) (“mouth”) +‎ pr (“house”).

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ɾaʀˈpaːɾuw/ → /ɾaʀˈpaːɾuw/ → /ɾəˈpaːɾə/ → /ɾəˈpoːɾ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ɾaʀˈpaːɾuw/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ɾaʀˈpaːɾuw/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ɾəˈpaːɾə/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ɾəˈpoːɾ/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɛr pɛr/
  • Conventional anglicization: er-per

Noun

 m

1. false door
2. temple
   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 1:

     j.nḏ ḥr.k wsjr nb nḥḥ nswt nṯr(w) ꜥšꜣ rnw ḏsr ḫprw štꜣ jrw m rw-prw

     Hail to you, Osiris, lord of eternity, king of gods, numerous of names, sacred of developments, secret of rites in temples!

Inflection

Declension of r-pr (masculine)

singular	r-pr
dual	rwj-prwj
plural	rw-prw

Unusually, both components of this word inflect for number. In the plural, the plural sign is sometimes written only once, at the end of the word.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of r-pr  

r-pr

Descendants

• → Arabic: رِيف (rīf)
• Demotic: rpy
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲣⲡⲉⲓⲉ (rpeie), ⲣⲡⲉⲉⲓⲉ (rpeeie)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ (erphei)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲉⲣⲡⲏⲉⲓ (erpēei), ⲉⲗⲡⲏⲓ (elpēi), ⲉⲗⲡⲏⲏⲓ (elpēēi), ⲉⲗⲡⲏ (elpē)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲣⲡⲉⲉⲓ (rpeei), ⲣⲡⲉⲉ (rpee)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲣⲡⲉ (rpe)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 397.6–397.8
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 298.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 70