sḏ

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sd"

Demotic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /səˈt͡ʃʼeʔ/

Noun

⁠⁠ m

1. locust

Descendants

• Coptic: ϣϫⲉ (šče)

References

• Erichsen, Wolja (1954) Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, page 482

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛd͡ʒ/
  • Conventional anglicization: sedj

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to break into pieces [since the Pyramid Texts]
2. (transitive) to force open or cut open
3. (transitive, figuratively) to defeat, to break the power of
4. (transitive, figuratively) to eliminate or disperse (bad weather, disease, etc.)
5. (transitive, figuratively) to make traversable (places or paths)
6. (intransitive, of wounds) to break out

Inflection

Conjugation of sḏ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: sḏ, geminated stem: sḏḏ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sḏ	sḏw, sḏ	sḏt	sḏ, j.sḏ	sḏ, j.sḏ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sḏ	ḥr sḏ	m sḏ	r sḏ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sḏ.n	sḏw, sḏ	consecutive	sḏ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	sḏt
perfective3	sḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sḏ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sḏ, j.sḏ1	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sḏ	sḏḏ	potentialis1	sḏ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sḏ, j.sḏ1	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sḏ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	sḏ	sḏḏ, sḏḏj6, sḏ2, sḏw2 5, sḏy2 5
imperfective	j.sḏ1, sḏ, sḏy, sḏw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	j.sḏ1, j.sḏw1 5, sḏ, sḏj6, sḏy6	sḏ, sḏw5
prospective	sḏ, sḏtj7	—	sḏtj4, sḏt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sḏ  

sd

Derived terms

• sdyt

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 373.8–375.7
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 257
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 253.