sembahyang

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• sembayang

Etymology

inherited from Malay sembahyang, equivalent to sembah +‎ hyang.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /səmˈbahjaŋ/ [səmˈbah.jaŋ]
• Rhymes: -ahjaŋ
• Syllabification: sem‧bah‧yang

Noun

sêmbahyang (uncountable)

1. prayer

   Synonyms: doa, (Islam) salat

2. worship

   Synonym: (Islam) salat

Verb

sêmbahyang

1. (intransitive) to pray, worship

   Synonym: bersembahyang

Derived terms

• bersembahyang
• menyembahyangi
• menyembahyangkan
• persembahyangan
• sembahyangan

• sembahyang Asar
• sembahyang Isya
• sembahyang jenazah
• sembahyang kubur
• sembahyang leluhur
• sembahyang malam
• sembahyang mayat
• sembahyang pagi
• sembahyang siang
• sembahyang sore
• sembahyang Subuh
• sembahyang Tarawih
• sembahyang wajib
• sembahyang Zuhur
• upacara sembahyang

Further reading

• “sembahyang” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

Compound of sembah (“worship”) +‎ yang (“deity”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /səmbahjaŋ/
  • Rhymes: -ahjaŋ, -aŋ
• (Common alternative pronunciation) IPA^(key): /səmajaŋ/
  • Rhymes: -ajaŋ, -aŋ

Noun

sembahyang (Jawi spelling سمبهيڠ, plural sembahyang-sembahyang)

1. A prayer:
   1. (Islam) The type of prayer performed by Muslims; salat.

      Synonym: solat

      Sembahyang merupakan salah satu tiang agama Islam.

      Salat is one of the pillars of Islam.

   2. A request to God or a deity.

      Synonym: doa

      Aku harapkan sembahyang aku diterima Tuhan.

      I hope my prayer is accepted by God.

Affixations

• bersembahyang (“to pray”)
• sembahyangkan (“to perform a prayer for”)

Compounds

• air sembahyang (“wudu”)
• sembahyang berjemaah
• sembahyang fardu
• sembahyang hajat
• sembahyang Jumaat (“Friday prayer”)
• sembahyang lima waktu
• sembahyang mayat
• sembahyang raya
• sembahyang sunat
• sembahyang tahajud
• sembahyang tarawih

Descendants

• Indonesian: sembahyang
• → Javanese: sembahyang
• → Madurese: sembhâjâng, bhâjâng
• North Moluccan Malay: sambayang
  • → Galela: subayang
  • Manado Malay: sombayang
  • → Sahu: sambayanga (Tala'i)
  • → Waioli: sambayanga
• → Portuguese: zumbaia
• →? Ternate: sabea
• →? Tidore: sabea

Verb

sembahyang (Jawi spelling سمبهيڠ, formal form bersembahyang)

1. Informal form of bersembahyang (“to pray”).

Further reading

• “sembahyang” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qiang”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI