-nya

See also: nya, NYA, and nyā

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɲa/

Suffix

-nya

1. (dative) to him, to her, to it
2. (objective after preposition) him, her, it
3. (accusative) him, her, it
4. his, her, its (attributive: belonging to him / her / it)

   Ini rumahnya. ― This is his / her / its house.

Usage notes

• “-nya” as a third-person singular possessive (possession): “Budi mengambil uangnya di bank.” means "uang" is owned by Budi.
• “-nya” as a third-person singular objective: “Budi menemaninya ke bank.” (active), or “Ani ditemaninya ke bank.” (passive). “-nya” works as a replacement of “Ani” in the former and “Budi” in the latter sentence.
• “-nya” as a definite marker: “Budi, uangnya di mana?”. The definite marker means that the money in question is a specific money, not just any money. Similar to the definite article "the" in “Budi, where is the money?”
• “-nya” as a possessed case: “Ini uangnya Budi, bukan uangnya Ani.”, “Uangnya Budi di mana?” considered redundant in standard grammar, but common in casual speech.
• “-nya” as a verb nominalizer: “Kamu makannya jangan begitu.” The “-nya” here changes the verb “makan” into a noun.

Derived terms

► Indonesian words suffixed with -nya

Further reading

• “-nya” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

---

Kambera

Pronoun

-nya

1. third person singular dative enclitic

Particle

-nya

1. continuative aspect enclitic

   Laku-nggu-nya.

   I am going.

See also

Kambera pronominal clitics

	Nominative	Genitive	Accusative	Dative
1sg	ku-	-nggu	-ka	-ngga
2sg	mu- (u-)	-mu	-kau	-nggau
3sg	na-	-na	-ya	-nya
1pl.incl	ta-	-nda	-ta	-nda
1pl.excl	ma-	-ma	-kama	-nggama
2pl	mi- (i-)	-mi	-kami (-kai)	-nggami (-nggai)
3pl	da-	-da	-ha	-nja

References

• Marian Klamer (2000) , “Continuative Aspect and the Dative Clitic in Kambera”, in Mark Campana, Ileana Paul, Vivianne Phillips, Lisa Travis, editors, Formal Issues in Austronesian Linguistics (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory; 49), Springer Netherlands, →ISBN, page 58

---

Malay

Alternative forms

• -ڽ‎

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /ɲə/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /ɲa/
• Rhymes: -ɲə, -ə

Suffix

-nya (Jawi spelling -ڽ)

1. (dative) to him, to her, to it
2. (objective after preposition) him, her, it
3. (accusative) him, her, it
4. his, her, its (attributive: belonging to him / her / it)

   rumahnya ― his / her / its house

Usage notes

When used to address God, a capital letter and hyphen is used.

See also

Malay personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person	standard	saya / ساي‎ aku/ku- / اکو‎ / كو-‎ (informal/towards God) -ku / -كو‎ (informal possesive) hamba / همبا‎ (dated)	kami / کامي‎ (exclusive) kita / کيت‎ (inclusive)
	Palace Malay	beta / بيتا‎
2nd person	standard	kamu / کامو‎ anda / اندا‎ (formal)
		engkau/kau- / اڠکاو‎/ كاو-‎ (informal/towards God) awak / اوق‎ (friendly/older towards younger) -mu / -مو‎ (possesive)	kalian / کاليان‎
	Palace Malay	tuanku / توانكو‎
3rd person	standard	dia / دي‎ ia / اي‎ beliau / بلياو‎ (honorific) -nya / -ڽ‎ (possesive)	mereka / مريک‎
	Palace Malay	baginda / بݢيندا‎