sioc

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish sicc.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ʃɯk/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ʃɨ̞k/

Noun

sioc m (genitive singular seaca)

1. frost

Declension

Third declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative sioc Vocative a shioc Genitive seaca Dative sioc

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an sioc Genitive an tseaca Dative leis an sioc don sioc

Verb

sioc (present analytic siocann, future analytic siocfaidh, verbal noun siocadh, past participle sioctha)

1. to freeze
2. to congeal, set
3. to stiffen

Conjugation

conjugation of sioc (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	siocaim	siocann tú; siocair†	siocann sé, sí	siocaimid	siocann sibh	siocann siad; siocaid†	a shiocann; a shiocas / a siocann*; a siocas*	sioctar
	past	shioc mé; shiocas	shioc tú; shiocais	shioc sé, sí	shiocamar; shioc muid	shioc sibh; shiocabhair	shioc siad; shiocadar	a shioc / ar shioc*	siocadh
	past habitual	shiocainn / siocainn‡‡	shioctá / sioctᇇ	shiocadh sé, sí / siocadh sé, s퇇	shiocaimis; shiocadh muid / siocaimis‡‡; siocadh muid‡‡	shiocadh sibh / siocadh sibh‡‡	shiocaidís; shiocadh siad / siocaidís‡‡; siocadh siad‡‡	a shiocadh / a siocadh*	shioctaí / siocta퇇
future		siocfaidh mé; siocfad	siocfaidh tú; siocfair†	siocfaidh sé, sí	siocfaimid; siocfaidh muid	siocfaidh sibh	siocfaidh siad; siocfaid†	a shiocfaidh; a shiocfas / a siocfaidh*; a siocfas*	siocfar
conditional		shiocfainn / siocfainn‡‡	shiocfá / siocfᇇ	shiocfadh sé, sí / siocfadh sé, s퇇	shiocfaimis; shiocfadh muid / siocfaimis‡‡; siocfadh muid‡‡	shiocfadh sibh / siocfadh sibh‡‡	shiocfaidís; shiocfadh siad / siocfaidís‡‡; siocfadh siad‡‡	a shiocfadh / a siocfadh*	shiocfaí / siocfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go sioca mé; go siocad†	go sioca tú; go siocair†	go sioca sé, sí	go siocaimid; go sioca muid	go sioca sibh	go sioca siad; go siocaid†	—	go sioctar
	past	dá siocainn	dá sioctá	dá siocadh sé, sí	dá siocaimis; dá siocadh muid	dá siocadh sibh	dá siocaidís; dá siocadh siad	—	dá sioctaí
imperative		siocaim	sioc	siocadh sé, sí	siocaimis	siocaigí; siocaidh†	siocaidís	—	sioctar
verbal noun		siocadh
past participle		sioctha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Descendants

• → Yola: sheck

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
sioc	shioc after an, tsioc	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sioc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Welsh

Etymology

From English shock.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃɔk/
• Rhymes: -ɔk

Noun

sioc m or f (plural siociau, not mutable)

1. shock

   sioc drydanol ― electric shock

Synonyms

• ysgytiad
• (psychological blow): ergyd

Derived terms

• siocio

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sioc”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies