smacht

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

smacht

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of smachten
2. imperative of smachten

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Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish smacht (“rule, control, punishment”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Aran) IPA^(key): /sˠmˠɑxt̪ˠ/
• (Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /sˠmˠaxt̪ˠ/

Noun

smacht m (genitive singular smachta, nominative plural smachta)

1. (literary) rule, regulation, ordinance
2. rule, dominion, sway; subjection
3. control, restraint, discipline

   Ní bhíonn an rath ach mar a mbíonn an smacht.

   There can be no progress without discipline.

   (proverb)

4. (literary) penalty, fine

Declension

Declension of smacht

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative smacht smachta Vocative a smacht a smachta Genitive smachta smacht Dative smacht smachta

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an smacht na smachta Genitive an smachta na smacht Dative leis an smacht don smacht leis na smachta

Derived terms

• ansmacht m (“tyranny”)
• ceannsmacht m (“mastery, the upper hand”)
• claonsmacht m (“unjust rule”)
• faoi smacht (“under control”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
smacht	not applicable	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “smacht”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “smaċt”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 358
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “smacht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *smaxtus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)megʰ- (“to be able”), see also Ancient Greek μῆχος (mêkhos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /smaxt/

Noun

smacht m (genitive smachta)

1. rule, institute, institution
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 27^a24

     Nachib·mided .i. nachib·berar i smachtu rechta fetarlicce, inna ndig et a mbíad, inna llíthu et a ssapati, act bad foirbthe far n‑iress.

     Let him not judge you, i.e. do not be borne into the institutions of the Law of the Old Testament, into their drink and their food, into their festivals and their sabbaths; but let your faith be perfect.

Declension

Masculine u-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	smacht	smachtL	smachtaeH
Vocative	smacht	smachtL	smachtu
Accusative	smachtN	smachtL	smachtu
Genitive	smachtoH, smachtaH	smachtoL, smachtaL	smachtaeN
Dative	smachtL	smachtaib	smachtaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: smacht
• Scottish Gaelic: smachd

References

• MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “smachd”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “smacht”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language