penalty
See also: pénalty
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- pœnalty (archaic)
EtymologyEdit
From Middle French pénalité.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
penalty (plural penalties)
- A legal sentence.
- The penalty for his crime was to do hard labor.
- A punishment for violating rules of procedure.
- 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, “chapter I”, in The House Behind the Cedars:
- Was it so irreconcilable, Warwick wondered, as still to peal out the curfew bell, which at nine o'clock at night had clamorously warned all negroes, slave or free, that it was unlawful for them to be abroad after that hour, under penalty of imprisonment or whipping?
- (finance) A payment forfeited for an early withdrawal from an account or an investment.
- In sports
- (soccer) A direct free kick from the penalty spot, taken after a defensive foul in the penalty box; a penalty kick.
- (ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.
- A penalty was called when he tripped up his opponent.
- A disadvantageous consequence of a previous event.
- 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 126:
- "But you, my noble, my generous girl!" exclaimed Lord Avonleigh, "I dare not let you pay the penalty of my former folly."
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Gulf Arabic: بلنتي (balanti)
- → Portuguese: pênalti, penálti
- → Spanish: penalti
- → Swahili: penalti
TranslationsEdit
legal sentence
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punishment for violating rules of procedure
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penalty kick — see penalty kick
punishment in ice hockey
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See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from English penalty.
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: pe‧nal‧ty
NounEdit
penalty m (plural penalty's, diminutive penalty'tje n)
FrenchEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from English penalty, itself a borrowing from French pénalité (thus a reborrowing). Doublet of pénalité.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
penalty m (plural penaltys or penalties)
Further readingEdit
- “penalty”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
RomanianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Unadapted borrowing from French penalty or English penalty.
NounEdit
penalty n (plural penalty-uri)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of penalty
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) penalty | penalty-ul | (niște) penalty-uri | penalty-urile |
genitive/dative | (unui) penalty | penalty-ului | (unor) penalty-uri | penalty-urilor |
vocative | penalty-ule | penalty-urilor |