sulkea
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *sulkëdak, from Proto-Finno-Permic *śulke-. Cognate to Estonian sulgema, Karelian sulkie, Votic sulko (“cold, runny nose”), Erzya and Moksha сёлгомс (śolgoms, “to close”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editsulkea
- (transitive) to close, shut (a box; a door)
- (transitive) to turn off, to switch off (a machine)
Conjugation
editInflection of sulkea (Kotus type 58*L/laskea, k-j gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | suljen | en sulje | 1st sing. | olen sulkenut | en ole sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | suljet | et sulje | 2nd sing. | olet sulkenut | et ole sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sulkee | ei sulje | 3rd sing. | on sulkenut | ei ole sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | suljemme | emme sulje | 1st plur. | olemme sulkeneet | emme ole sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | suljette | ette sulje | 2nd plur. | olette sulkeneet | ette ole sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sulkevat | eivät sulje | 3rd plur. | ovat sulkeneet | eivät ole sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | suljetaan | ei suljeta | passive | on suljettu | ei ole suljettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | suljin | en sulkenut | 1st sing. | olin sulkenut | en ollut sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | suljit | et sulkenut | 2nd sing. | olit sulkenut | et ollut sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sulki | ei sulkenut | 3rd sing. | oli sulkenut | ei ollut sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | suljimme | emme sulkeneet | 1st plur. | olimme sulkeneet | emme olleet sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | suljitte | ette sulkeneet | 2nd plur. | olitte sulkeneet | ette olleet sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sulkivat | eivät sulkeneet | 3rd plur. | olivat sulkeneet | eivät olleet sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | suljettiin | ei suljettu | passive | oli suljettu | ei ollut suljettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | sulkisin | en sulkisi | 1st sing. | olisin sulkenut | en olisi sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sulkisit | et sulkisi | 2nd sing. | olisit sulkenut | et olisi sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sulkisi | ei sulkisi | 3rd sing. | olisi sulkenut | ei olisi sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sulkisimme | emme sulkisi | 1st plur. | olisimme sulkeneet | emme olisi sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sulkisitte | ette sulkisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte sulkeneet | ette olisi sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sulkisivat | eivät sulkisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat sulkeneet | eivät olisi sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | suljettaisiin | ei suljettaisi | passive | olisi suljettu | ei olisi suljettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sulje | älä sulje | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sulkekoon | älköön sulkeko | 3rd sing. | olkoon sulkenut | älköön olko sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sulkekaamme | älkäämme sulkeko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sulkekaa | älkää sulkeko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sulkekoot | älkööt sulkeko | 3rd plur. | olkoot sulkeneet | älkööt olko sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | suljettakoon | älköön suljettako | passive | olkoon suljettu | älköön olko suljettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | sulkenen | en sulkene | 1st sing. | lienen sulkenut | en liene sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sulkenet | et sulkene | 2nd sing. | lienet sulkenut | et liene sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sulkenee | ei sulkene | 3rd sing. | lienee sulkenut | ei liene sulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sulkenemme | emme sulkene | 1st plur. | lienemme sulkeneet | emme liene sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sulkenette | ette sulkene | 2nd plur. | lienette sulkeneet | ette liene sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sulkenevat | eivät sulkene | 3rd plur. | lienevät sulkeneet | eivät liene sulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | suljettaneen | ei suljettane | passive | lienee suljettu | ei liene suljettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | sulkea | present | sulkeva | suljettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | sulkenut | suljettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | sulkiessa | suljettaessa | agent4 | sulkema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | sulkematon | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | sulkien | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | sulkemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | sulkemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | sulkemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | sulkemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | sulkematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | sulkeman | suljettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | sulkeminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Synonyms
editAntonyms
edit- (antonym(s) of “to close”): aukaista, avata
- (antonym(s) of “to turn off”): avata, käynnistää, kytkeä päälle
Derived terms
editadjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs
compounds
Further reading
edit- “sulkea”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
editCategories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ulkeɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ulkeɑ/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- Finnish terms with collocations
- Finnish laskea-type verbs