wʾčʾl

Middle Persian

Etymology

From Old Iranian *wahā-čā̆rana- (“market”, literally “trade-walkabout”) — the first and latter elements whereof ultimately deriving from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to sell”) (compare Persian بها (bahâ)) and *kʷel- (“to turn, revolve”) respectively.

Cognate with Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”), Northern Kurdish bajar (“city (place of trade)”) Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”) (in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar), Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗 (wʾcrn, “market, bazaar”), Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”). Akin to the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”), Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”), Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”).

Noun

wʾčʾl • (/wāzār/)

1. market, bazaar

Derived terms

• [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾlkʾn' /⁠wāzāragān⁠/, “merchant”)
• [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾlkʾnyh /⁠wāzār(a)gānīh⁠/, “trade”)
• 𐭥𐭠𐭰𐭠𐭫𐭯𐭲 (wʾčʾlpt /⁠wāzārbed⁠/)

Descendants

• Persian: بازار (bâzâr) (see there for further descendants)

References

• Benveniste, Émile (1969) Le vocabulaire des institutions indo-européennes (in French), volume I, Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit, page 126
• Gharib, B. (1995) “wʾčʾl”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 396b
• Henning, W. B. (1977) Selected Papers (Acta Iranica; 14)‎^[1], volume I, Tehran and Liège: Bibliothèque Pahlavi, page 530a
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “wāzār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 89
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 535
• “BĀZĀR”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York, 1989