Translingual
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Pronunciation
edit
| Rime
|
| Character
|
䆀
|
䆀
|
䆀
|
| Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
| Initial (聲)
|
明 (4)
|
明 (4)
|
明 (4)
|
| Final (韻)
|
咍 (41)
|
灰 (42)
|
咍 (41)
|
| Tone (調)
|
Rising (X)
|
Departing (H)
|
Departing (H)
|
| Openness (開合)
|
Open
|
Closed
|
Open
|
| Division (等)
|
I
|
I
|
I
|
| Fanqie
|
莫亥切
|
莫佩切
|
莫代切
|
| Baxter
|
mojX
|
mwojH
|
mojH
|
| Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
|
/mʌiX/
|
/muʌiH/
|
/mʌiH/
|
Pan
Wuyun
|
/məiX/
|
/muoiH/
|
/məiH/
|
Shao
Rongfen
|
/mɒiX/
|
/muɒiH/
|
/mɒiH/
|
Edwin
Pulleyblank
|
/məjX/
|
/mwəjH/
|
/məjH/
|
Li
Rong
|
/mᴀiX/
|
/muᴀiH/
|
/mᴀiH/
|
Wang
Li
|
/mɒiX/
|
/muɒiH/
|
/mɒiH/
|
Bernard
Karlgren
|
/mɑ̆iX/
|
/muɑ̆iH/
|
/mɑ̆iH/
|
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
|
mǎi
|
mèi
|
mài
|
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
|
moi5
|
mui6
|
moi6
|
|
This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
Particularly: “Teochew”
|
Definitions
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䆀
- † to corrupt; to ruin
- † dark spots on crops after getting wet in the rain
- † black
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) bad; not good; disappointing; of poor quality
- 心情䆀 [Hokkien] ― sim-chêng bái [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, euphemistic) to die (usually of children; also of adults in Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien, of fire) slow; small
- (Hokkien, Teochew) ugly
- (Zhao'an Hokkien) difficult; hard (to do something)
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of
壞 (“bad; not good”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
惡
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
壞
|
| Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
壞, 賴
|
| Taiwan
|
壞
|
| Jinan
|
壞, 孬, 賴
|
| Xi'an
|
瞎, 壞
|
| Wuhan
|
壞, 拐
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| Chengdu
|
壞
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| Yangzhou
|
壞
|
| Hefei
|
壞
|
| Malaysia
|
壞
|
| Singapore
|
壞
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
壞, 弊, 衰
|
| Hong Kong
|
壞, 衰
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| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
衰
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| Yangjiang
|
壞
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| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
衰
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
衰
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
壞
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
壞
|
| Wuhua (Meilin)
|
衰
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
賴, 壞
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
壞, 獰
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
呆, 否
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
歹, 䆀
|
| Xiamen (Tong'an)
|
歹
|
| Quanzhou
|
歹
|
| Jinjiang
|
歹
|
| Nan'an
|
歹
|
| Shishi
|
歹
|
| Zhangzhou
|
䆀
|
| Zhao'an
|
䆀, 孬
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| Tainan
|
歹
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| Penang (Hokkien)
|
䆀, 歹
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| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
歹
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
歹
|
| Datian
|
歹
|
| Chaozhou
|
孬
|
| Shantou
|
孬
|
| Jieyang
|
孬, 歹
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
歹, 孬
|
| Leizhou
|
㾀
|
| Wenchang
|
㾀
|
| Haikou
|
㾀
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| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
㾀
|
| Wu
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Shanghai
|
壞, 恘
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| Suzhou
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壞, 恘
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| Ningbo
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歪, 推扳, 嘸做
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| Wenzhou
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毛
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| Xiang
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Changsha
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壞, 拐
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| Shuangfeng
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壞, 拐
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Dialectal synonyms of
難 (“difficult”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
難, 困難, 艱難
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
難, 困難, 艱難
|
| Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
難
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| Taiwan
|
難
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| Jinan
|
難
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| Xi'an
|
難
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| Wuhan
|
難
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| Chengdu
|
難
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| Guilin
|
難
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| Yangzhou
|
難
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| Hefei
|
難
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| Singapore
|
難
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
難, 惡 †
|
| Hong Kong
|
難, 惡 †
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
難
|
| Taishan
|
難, 惡 †
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| Yangjiang
|
難, 惡 †
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| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
難
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
難
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| Hakka
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Meixian
|
難
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| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
難
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| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
難
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| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
難
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| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
難
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| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
難
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| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
難
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| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
難
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| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
難
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| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
艱難, 難
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| Southern Min
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Xiamen
|
惡, 艱苦, 歹 †
|
| Quanzhou
|
惡
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| Jinjiang
|
難
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| Zhangzhou
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惡
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| Zhao'an
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惡, 䆀 †
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| Dongshan
|
惡
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| Taipei
|
惡
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| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
惡
|
| Kaohsiung
|
惡
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| Yilan
|
惡
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
惡
|
| Taichung
|
惡
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| Tainan
|
惡, 歹 †
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| Hsinchu
|
惡
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| Kinmen
|
惡
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| Penghu (Magong)
|
惡
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
艱苦, 歹 †
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
惡, 艱苦, 歹 †
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
艱苦, 惡, 歹 †
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| Chaozhou
|
惡
|
| Shantou
|
難, 惡
|
| Shantou (Chenghai)
|
惡
|
| Jieyang
|
惡, 艱苦
|
| Haifeng
|
惡
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
惡, 歹 †
|
| Wenchang
|
惡
|
| Haikou
|
惡
|
| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
惡
|
| Wu
|
Suzhou
|
難
|
| Wenzhou
|
難
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| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
難
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| Shuangfeng
|
難
|
| Note
|
† - only used with a verbal complement
|
Dialectal synonyms of
醜 (“ugly”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
醜, 媸
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
醜陋
|
| Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
難看, 寒磣, 磣
|
| Taiwan
|
難看, 醜
|
| Jinan
|
難看, 醜
|
| Xi'an
|
難看, 醜, 不心疼
|
| Wuhan
|
醜, 不好看
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| Chengdu
|
難看, 醜
|
| Yangzhou
|
難看, 醜
|
| Hefei
|
難看, 醜, 相壞
|
| Singapore
|
難看, 醜
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
|
| Hong Kong
|
難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
|
| Dongguan
|
難睞
|
| Yangjiang
|
惡看, 醜鬼
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| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
不客氣, 難看
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
難看, 難睞, 醜, 像鬼
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| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
媸, 醜
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
媸, 醜
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
媸, 醜
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
媸, 醜
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
媸, 醜
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
䆀
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
難看, 醜
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
驚人, 毛格式, 生得呆
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
驚儂, 驚, 伓好看, 生得呆
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
歹看, 㾀勢
|
| Quanzhou
|
兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
|
| Jinjiang
|
兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
|
| Zhangzhou
|
䆀看, 㾀勢
|
| Taipei
|
歹看, 䆀, 䆀材, 㾀, 䆀猴, 㾀勢
|
| Kaohsiung
|
歹看
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
歹看, 䆀
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
|
| Chaozhou
|
孬睇, 野樣, 䆀
|
| Shantou
|
野樣
|
| Jieyang
|
野樣
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
歹睇
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
難看, 怕
|
| Shanghai (Jiading)
|
怕
|
| Shanghai (Songjiang)
|
怕
|
| Suzhou
|
難看, 怕
|
| Kunshan
|
難看
|
| Jiaxing
|
難看
|
| Hangzhou
|
難看
|
| Ningbo
|
難看
|
| Wenzhou
|
難覷, 否好覷, 醜
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
醜, 不好看, 不打彩
|
| Shuangfeng
|
醜, 不好看
|
Compounds
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Further reading
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