呆

See also: 騃, 獃, 杏, and 杲

呆	U+5446, 呆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5446

← 呅
[U+5445]

CJK Unified Ideographs

呇 →
[U+5447]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

呆 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口木 (RD), four-corner 6090₄, composition ⿱口木)

Derived characters

保㙅㳭槑宲棠楶襃𠳳𪭷𪲖𤥯𥆫𨲃𨹦𩛴𫗷𣍀𣮃𣔣𪁣𠻇𣞃𣘫𤶭𡷵𩭚𭑼𮀛𮇠𮘒𫬕

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 181, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3395
Dae Jaweon: page 399, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 585, character 11
Unihan data for U+5446

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 木 (“wood”) – dull; wooden.
Etymology 2: See 保.
Etymology 3: Simplified from 槑.

Etymology 1

trad.		呆/獃
simp.		呆
alternative forms		騃／𫘤𤶗

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dāi, ái (dai¹, ai²)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄞ, ㄞˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngoi⁴ / daai¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngôi

(Meixian, Guangdong): ngoi²
Eastern Min (BUC): ngài
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tai / gâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngai⁵ / dai¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹te; ⁶nge

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dai
  - Wade–Giles: tai¹
  - Yale: dāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dai
  - Palladius: дай (daj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ái
  - Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ái
  - Wade–Giles: ai²
  - Yale: ái
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
  - Palladius: ай (aj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngoi⁴ / daai¹
  - Yale: ngòih / dāai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngoi⁴ / daai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngoi⁴ / dai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːi̯²¹/, /taːi̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngôi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngoi^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngoi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋoi̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngoi²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋoɪ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tai
  - Tâi-lô: tai
  - Phofsit Daibuun: day
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tai⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâi
  - Tâi-lô: gâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gaai
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡai¹³/

Note:

tai - vernacular;
gâi - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngai⁵ / dai¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngâi / tai
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵⁵/, /tai³³/

Note: ngai5 - used in 呆板.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹te; ⁶nge
  - MiniDict: te^平; nge^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹te; ³nge
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /te⁵³/, /ŋe²³/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tɯː/, /*ŋɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呆	呆
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1956	1957
Phonetic component	呆	呆
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	𪒴	皚
Old Chinese	/*tɯː/	/*ŋɯː/
Notes	懛今字	獃今字

Definitions

呆

dull; wooden
dull-minded; simple; stupid
(Eastern Min) bad
(chiefly Mainland China) Alternative form of 待 (“to stay”)
在廣州呆了十幾年 [MSC, trad.]
在广州呆了十几年 [MSC, simp.]
zài guǎngzhōu dāile shí jǐ nián [Pinyin]
was in Guangzhou for 10 or so years
a surname: Dai

Synonyms

(bad):

Dialectal synonyms of 壞 (“bad; not good”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		惡
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		壞
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	壞, 賴
	Taiwan	壞
	Malaysia	壞
	Singapore	壞
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	壞, 孬, 賴
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	瞎, 壞
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	壞
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	壞, 拐
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	壞
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	壞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	壞, 弊, 衰
	Hong Kong	壞, 衰
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	衰
	Yangjiang	壞
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	衰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	衰
Gan	Nanchang	壞
Hakka	Meixian	壞
Hakka	Wuhua (Meilin)	衰
Jin	Taiyuan	賴, 壞
Northern Min	Jian'ou	壞, 獰
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	呆, 否
Southern Min	Xiamen	歹, 䆀
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	歹
	Quanzhou	歹
	Jinjiang	歹
	Nan'an	歹
	Shishi	歹
	Zhangzhou	䆀
	Zhao'an	䆀, 孬
	Tainan	歹
	Penang (Hokkien)	䆀, 歹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	歹
	Manila (Hokkien)	歹
	Datian	歹
	Chaozhou	孬
	Shantou	孬
	Jieyang	孬, 歹
	Puning	孬
	Singapore (Teochew)	歹, 孬
	Leizhou	㾀
	Wenchang	㾀
	Haikou	㾀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	㾀
Wu	Shanghai	壞, 恘
	Suzhou	壞, 恘
	Ningbo	歪, 推扳, 嘸做
	Wenzhou	毛
Xiang	Changsha	壞, 拐
Xiang	Shuangfeng	壞, 拐

(stupid):

edit

呆傻 (dāishǎ)
呆痴 (dāichī)
𡳞面 (Hokkien, vulgar)
𡳞鳥面／𡳞鸟面 (Hokkien, vulgar)
愚戇／愚戆 (Hokkien)
愚昧 (yúmèi)
愚笨 (yúbèn)
愚蠢 (yúchǔn)
愚鈍／愚钝 (yúdùn)
拙 (zhuō) (literary, or in compounds)
拙笨 (zhuōbèn)
撚樣／撚样 (lan² joeng^6-2) (Cantonese, vulgar)
暗昧 (ànmèi)
梢跤 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
梢跤軟蹄／梢跤软蹄 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
梢蹬 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
棒槌 (bàngchuí)
海鱟／海鲎 (Hokkien)
混鈍／混钝 (Hokkien)
痴呆
發踱／发踱 (⁷faq ⁸doq) (Wu)
笨 (bèn)
笨拙 (bènzhuō)
笨車車／笨车车 (Hokkien)
臭笨 (Hokkien)
菜瓜 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
蠢 (chǔn)
蠢氣／蠢气 (qyn³ qi⁴) (Xiang)
蠢笨 (chǔnbèn)
袋屎 (Hokkien)
袋屎袋尿 (Hokkien)
跤梢 (Xiamen Hokkien)
遲鈍／迟钝 (chídùn)
阿西 (Hokkien)
頇顢／顸颟 (Hokkien)
鱟／鲎 (Hokkien)
鳩拙／鸠拙 (jiūzhuó) (literary)

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 – see 保 (“to raise; to rear; to keep; to maintain; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 保).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 – see 梅. (This character is a variant form of 梅).

Japanese

Kanji

呆

(Hyōgai kanji)

amazed, disgusted, shocked

Readings

Go-on: ほ (ho)、がい (gai)
Kan-on: ほう (hō)、がい (gai)
Kan’yō-on: ぼう (bō)、たい (tai)
Kun: あきる (akiru, 呆る)、あきれる (akireru, 呆れる)、ほける (hokeru, 呆ける)、ほうける (hōkeru, 呆ける)、ぼける (bokeru, 呆ける)

Korean

Hanja

呆 (eumhun 어리석을 매 (eoriseogeul mae))

hanja form^? of 매 (“dull-minded; simple; stupid”)

Compounds

치매 (癡呆/痴呆, chimae, “(medicine) dementia”)

Vietnamese

Han character

呆: Hán Nôm readings: ngốc

stupid, naive, foolish