U+589F, 墟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-589F

[U+589E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+58A0]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 32, +12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土卜心金 (GYPC) or 土卜心一 (GYPM), four-corner 41117, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 238, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5457
  • Dae Jaweon: page 477, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 479, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+589F

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms market

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kʰa) : semantic (dirt) + phonetic (OC *kʰa, *qʰa).

Etymology

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"ruin"
Possibly a nominal derivation, with *k- prefix, from (OC *kʰa, *qʰa) (Karlgren, 1958, Schuessler, 2007), maybe related to Mizo ko (raised ground; bank; mound). Perhaps not related to (OC *kʰʷɯ) "mound, hill" (contra Wang, 1982).
"market"
A Yuè (越) dialectal word, which also occurs in some Tai languages such as Yoy [script needed] (A1, market) (Schuessler, 2007). It also occurs in some Min dialects; Kwok (2018) reconstructs Proto-Southern Min *1.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • hui1 - ruin;
  • hui1-4 - market.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter khjo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰɨə̆/
Li
Rong
/kʰiɔ/
Wang
Li
/kʰĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
heoi1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ khjo ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.qʰ(r)a/
English hill, mound; abandoned city

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5255
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰa/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. ruin
      ―  Yīn  ―  Yinxu (ruins of the last capital of the Shang dynasty)
  2. (literary) village
  3. fair; market
    [Cantonese]  ―  can3 heoi1 [Jyutping]  ―  to go to a market

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. ruins

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ko)
  • Kan-on: きょ (kyo)
  • Kun: あと (ato, )

Compounds

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Usage notes

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Rarely replaced by in modern usage.

Korean

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Hanja

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(heo) (hangeul , revised heo, McCune–Reischauer hŏ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: , khư

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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