Wiktionary

丘

See also: 丠, 坵, and 兵
丘 U+4E18, 丘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E18
← 丗
[U+4E17] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丙 →
[U+4E19]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

丘 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人一 (OM), four-corner 72101, composition ⿱斤一)

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №293

Derived characters edit

Further reading edit

Chinese Wikisource has digitized text of the Kangxi Dictionary entry for 丘:
[[wikisource:zh:康熙字典/一部/四畫#丘|一部/四畫]]

Wikisource


  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 77, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33
  • Dae Jaweon: page 156, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 17, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4E18

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 丘
Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
               
Oracle bone script
 

j19598

 

j19599

 

j19600

 

j19601

 

j19602

 

j19603

 

j19604

 

j19605

 

j19606

 

j19607

 

j19608

 

j19609

 

j19610

 

j19611

 

j19612

 

j19613

 

j19614

 

j19615

 

j19616

 

j19618

 

j19619

 

j19620

 

j19621

 

j19622

 

j19623

Bronze inscriptions
 

b12629

 

b12630

 

b12631

 

b12632

 

b12633

Small seal script
 

s05951

 

s05952

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L11667

 

L11668

 

L11669

 

L11670

 

L11671

 

L11672

 

L11673

 

L11674

 

L11675

 

L11676

 

L11677

 

L11678

 

L11679

 

L11680

 

L11665

 

L11666

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (丘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丘 *kʰʷɯ
邱 *kʰʷɯ
蚯 *kʰʷɯ
丠 *kʰʷɯ

Ideogram (指事) – hill. Earlier form closer to 丠, as in 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa). Compare 山.

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.
 丘
alternative forms
 
丠
㐀
𡊣
㘳
坵
丠
㐀
𡊣
㘳
坵
𠀈
𠀉
𠀌

Wang (1982) relates this word to 墟 (xū) "ruin-mound". However, Schuessler (2007) disagrees.

Schuessler considers two homophones 丘, "hill, mound" and 丘 "village, district" to be the same word as settlements were often built on elevated grounds (for a parallel see 京 (jīng)) and traces this word's etymology to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-wa (“village”); within Sinitic, 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) is cognate with 里 (OC *rɯʔ) "village" and 街 (OC *kreː, *kreː) "road crossing, street"; outsides Sinitic, cognate with Mizo khua (“village”), Lai khûa (“village, cosmos”), and Burmese ရွာ (rwa, “village”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • kŭ - vernacular;
  • kiŭ - literary (incl. surname).
Note:
  • khu - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • khiu - literary.
Note:
  • ku1 - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • kiu1 - literary.
Rime
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去鳩切
Baxter khjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰiu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰuw/
Li
Rong 		/kʰiu/
Wang
Li 		/kʰĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qiū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qiū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khjuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ʷʰə/
English hill, mound

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
No. 10523
Phonetic
component 		丘
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		丘
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰʷɯ/

Definitions edit

丘

  1. mound; hill
    山丘  ―  shānqiū  ―  hill
    沙丘  ―  shāqiū  ―  dune
  2. grave
  3. to place a coffin in a temporary shelter pending burial
  4. (dialectal) Classifier for fields: plot
  5. (obsolete) ruins
  6. (obsolete) empty
  7. a surname
    丘成桐 [Cantonese]  ―  jau1 sing4 tung4 [Jyutping]  ―  Shing-Tung Yau (mathematician)

Usage notes edit

See 邱 (qiū).

See also edit
  • (hills): 山 (shān)

Compounds edit

Pronunciation 2 edit

Since Song dynasty, this character may be read as 某 (mǒu) to prevent mentioning name of Confucius.

Etymology 2 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see 兵 (“weapon; army; troops; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 兵).

Etymology 3 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see 蚯 (“earthworm”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 蚯).
Notes:

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

丘

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
丘
おか
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see the following entry.
【おか】
[noun] hill
[proper noun] a surname
Alternative spelling
岡
(This term, 丘, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 丘 (MC khjuw). Recorded as Middle Korean 구 (kwu) (Yale: kwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

丘 (eumhun 언덕 구 (eondeok gu))

  1. Hanja form? of 구 (“small hill”).

Compounds edit

Compounds

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Kunigami edit

Kanji edit

丘

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Cognate with Japanese 丘(おか) (oka).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

丘(ふぁーい) (fāi) 

  1. hill

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

丘: Hán Việt readings: khiêu, khâu, khưu
丘: Nôm readings: khâu, kheo, khưu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References edit

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