hu
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
hu
English edit
Etymology edit
Clipping of human, first offered for usage by Mikhail Epstein, professor of cultural theory at Emory University (in 2003).[1]
Pronunciation edit
- Homophones: hue, huh
Pronoun edit
hu (third-person singular, nominative case, reflexive huself) (epicene, nonstandard)
- (neologism) they (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.
- 2007 November 29, Mikhail Epstein, “hu”, in International Society for Universal Dialog[4], archived from the original on 2 January 2012:
- It's the vice-president's job to support the president and take hus place when hu is away.
- (neologism) them (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns him and her.
- 2006, Perry Anderson with Glenn Burgess, edited by D. N. DeLuna, The Political Imagination in History: Essays Concerning J.G.A. Pocock[6], Owlworks, →ISBN, page 175:
- One of his favorite metaphors for the historian, drawn from the "Preface" to Hegel's Philosophy of Right, likens hu to the owl of Minerva, whose flight at dusk provided the setting for mature reflection on the day that had passed.
- (neologism) their (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular possessive adjective, coordinate with his and her.
- 2006 October 1, “He said, she said, hu said”, in Los Angeles Times[7]:
- Now, however, the editorial writer has a new weapon in hu arsenal.
- 2006 November 17, Rob Kyff, “Hu Joins Heesh As Neutral Pronoun”, in Hartford Courant[8], archived from the original on 5 March 2016:
- If hu doesn't do hu homework, I will fail hu.
Hyponyms edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- ^ “Archived copy”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)[1], 2017 December 2 (last accessed), archived from the original on 18 November 2020
Anagrams edit
Abau edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hu
References edit
- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66
Acehnese edit
Etymology edit
Possible Austroasiatic origin. Compare with Bahnar huur
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
hu
- to light up or burn
- Apui ka hu.
- The fire has been lit
- (figurative) to feel your heart burning; as in due to anger or eating something spicy.
Ainu edit
Verb edit
hu (Kana spelling フ)
- to be raw, uncooked
- ネア メノコポ カ ネア チ アエㇷ゚ カ フ チェㇷ゚ カ アコレ[2]
- nea menokopo ka nea ci aep ka hu cep ka a=kore
- I also gave the girl cooked food and raw fish.
Conjugation edit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
1st-person | k(u)=hu | hu=as |
2nd-person | e=hu | eci=hu |
3rd-person | hu | hu |
4th-person | hu=an | hu=an |
†1st-person plurals are exclusive. Inclusive 1st-person plurals are denoted by 4th-person.
†4th-person: indefinite person, 1st-person inclusive plural, logophorical person, 2nd-person honorific, etc.
See Ainu grammar.
References edit
- John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)[9], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 133, available online here
Akan edit
Pronunciation edit
- Tone: L[1]
Verb edit
hu
References edit
- ^ Kotey, Paul A. (1998). Twi-English/English-Twi Dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN
- Christaller, Johann Gottlieb (1881) “hũ”, in A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language Called Tshi (Chwee, Tw̌i)[10], Basel, pages 192–193
Albanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Albanian *skuna < *skuja + *-na, from Proto-Indo-European *skuy-os < *skwey-.
Compare Norwegian/Faroese skon (“snout”)), from Proto-Indo-European *skewd-.[1] More at hedh.
Noun edit
hu m (plural hunj, definite huri, definite plural hunjtë)
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Adam Hyllested, “Albanian hundë ‘nose’ and Faroese, SW Norwegian skon ‘snout’”, in Proceedings of the 23rd Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference (Bremen: Hempen, 2012), 73-81.
Central Mazahua edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
hu (upper case Hu)
- A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.
Chamorro edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku. Cognates include Javanese aku and Indonesian aku.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
hu
Usage notes edit
- hu is used solely as a subject of a transitive verb, while yoʼ is used either as a subject of an intransitive verb or an object of a transitive verb.
See also edit
hu-type pronouns | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | hu | ta | in |
2nd person | un | en | |
3rd person | ha | ma | |
yoʼ-type pronouns | |||
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | yoʼ | hit | ham |
2nd person | hao | hamyo | |
3rd person | gueʼ | siha | |
emphatic pronouns | |||
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | guahu | hita | hami |
2nd person | hagu | hamyo | |
3rd person | guiya | siha |
References edit
- Donald M. Topping (1973) Chamorro Reference Grammar[11], Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Chibcha edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hu
- Alternative form of bhu
References edit
- Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.
Danish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse hugr, from Proto-Germanic *hugiz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hu c (singular definite huen, not used in plural form)
Derived terms edit
References edit
“hu,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
hu
- imperative of hue
Etymology 3 edit
Onomatopoetic.
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
hu
References edit
“hu,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Esperanto edit
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
hu
- oh, ooh, oof, wow (indicating surprise or another strong emotion)
- Hu...mi kredis, ke tio ne veris.
- Oh...I thought that wasn't true.
See also edit
German edit
Interjection edit
hu
- an exclamation of feeling cold
Further reading edit
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
An onomatopoeia.
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
hu
- boo (a loud exclamation intended to scare someone, especially a child)
- ah, oh (use to express fright)
- Hu, de megijedtem! ― Ah, you startled me!
- ugh (used to express repugnance, disgust)
- hoot (cry of an owl; see huhog)
Further reading edit
- (frightening someone or expressing horror): hu in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (imitating a dog): hu in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Kriol edit
Etymology edit
Pronoun edit
hu
- (interrogative) who
Lower Sorbian edit
Preposition edit
hu (with genitive)
Maltese edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /u/ (between consonants)
- IPA(key): /w/ (before or after a vowel)
- IPA(key): /uː/ (when strongly stressed)
- Homophone: u
Pronoun edit
hu
- Alternative form of huwa
Inflection edit
Inflected forms of hu | |
---|---|
positive | huwa, hu |
negative | mhuwiex, mhux |
possessive pronoun | tiegħu |
basic suffix | -u, -h |
direct object suffix | -u, -h |
indirect object suffix | -lu |
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
hu
- Nonstandard spelling of hū.
- Nonstandard spelling of hú.
- Nonstandard spelling of hǔ.
- Nonstandard spelling of hù.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle Dutch edit
Determiner edit
hu
- Alternative spelling of u
Pronoun edit
hu
- Alternative spelling of u; accusative/dative of gi
Middle English edit
Pronoun edit
hu
- Alternative form of heo (“she”)
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronoun edit
hu (accusative henne, genitive hennes)
- (Non-standard since 1959) she, (third person singular, feminine)
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronoun edit
hu
- (dialectal, nonstandard) alternative form of ho (“she”)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse hú, originally onomatopoeic.
Interjection edit
hu
- Used to express discomfort.
- boo hoo
- hoot
References edit
- “hu” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *hwō. Cognate with Old Frisian hū, Old Saxon hū (Dutch hoe), Old High German wuo.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
hū
- how, in all senses, including:
- to what degree
- Hū eald is þīn dohtor?
- How old is your daughter?
- Hū miċel gold hæfst þū on þē?
- How much gold do you have on you?
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
- Hū be mete? hū swīðe lyst þē þæs?
- How about food? How much dost thou desire that?
- in what manner
- Hū sæġþ man þæt on Englisċ?
- How do you say that in English?
- Hū færest þū?
- How are you? (Literally: "How are you faring?")
- in what state
- Hū wæs þīn dæġ?
- How was your day?
- Þū canst Ælfrēd cyning? Hū is hē?
- You know King Alfred? What is he like?
- to what degree
- used in exclamations
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- Ēalā hū gōd mann!
- Oh, what a good person!
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- used to introduce negative rhetorical questions
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
- Hū, ne eart þū sē mann þe on mīnre scōle wǣre āfēded and ġelǣred?
- Aren't you the person who was raised and taught in my school?
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Descendants edit
Conjunction edit
hū
- how, in all senses:
- in what manner
- Iċ leornode hū man wæġn ġebētt.
- I learned how to repair a wagon.
- Hīe āscodon hū hīe helpan meahten.
- They asked how they could help.
- that, the fact that (introducing direct statements)
- Iċ him sæġde hū iċ wǣre æt hām ealne dæġ and ne ġehīerde nāwiht.
- I told them how I'd been at home all day and hadn't heard a thing.
- Þæt is tō wundriġenne hū hīe þā bryċġe swā hrædlīċe ġefyldon.
- It's amazing how they completed the bridge so quickly.
- in what manner
Descendants edit
Old French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
hu
- a shouting noise made when pursuing someone or something
Noun edit
hu oblique singular, m (oblique plural hus, nominative singular hus, nominative plural hu)
References edit
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (hu)
- hu on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Old Saxon edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *hwō.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
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hu
Conjunction edit
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hu
Synonyms edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Interjection edit
hu
- hoot (cry made by an owl)
Sumerian edit
Romanization edit
hu
- Romanization of 𒄷 (ḫu)
White Hmong edit
Etymology edit
Probably borrowed from Chinese 呼 (“to exhale; to shout, call”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
hu
- to call
- Hu kuv. ― Call me.
References edit
Yanomamö edit
Noun edit
hu
References edit
- Lizot, Jacques (2004) Diccionario enciclopédico de la lengua yãnomãmɨ (in Spanish), Vicariato apostólico de Puerto Ayacucho, →ISBN
Zou edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *khuu, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kəw-n/t. Cognates include Chinese 荤 (hūn) and Burmese ခိုး (hkui:).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
hu
References edit
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40