渾名

See also: 浑名

Chinese edit

		muddy	name; fame; to describe name; fame; to describe; place
trad. (渾名)		渾	名
simp. (浑名)		浑	名

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): húnmíng, hùnmíng

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: húnmíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: húnmíng
  - Wade–Giles: hun²-ming²
  - Yale: hwún-míng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwenming
  - Palladius: хуньмин (xunʹmin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən³⁵ miŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hùnmíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hùnmíng
  - Wade–Giles: hun⁴-ming²
  - Yale: hwùn-míng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennming
  - Palladius: хуньмин (xunʹmin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵¹ miŋ³⁵/

Noun edit

渾名

nickname; alias; sobriquet

Synonyms edit

偏名 (Hokkien, Hakka)
別名／别名 (biémíng)
別字／别字 (biézì) (dated)
別號／别号 (biéhào) (dated)
外號／外号 (wàihào)
綽號／绰号 (chuòhào)
花名 (huāmíng)
諢名／诨名 (hùnmíng)
諢號／诨号 (hùnhào)
體號／体号 (Hokkien)

Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
渾	名
Hyōgaiji	Grade: 1
irregular

Alternative spellings
あだ名綽名

Compound of あだ (ada, “other, different, separate”, often spelled in kanji as 他 or 異) +‎ 名 (na, “name”).^[1]^[2]^[3]

First attested in 1614.^[1]

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) あだな [àdáná] (Heiban – [0])^[3]^[4]^[5]
IPA^(key): [a̠da̠na̠]

Noun edit

渾名(あだな) • (adana)

[from 1614] a nickname
Synonyms: 字 (azana), (rare) 綽号 (shakugō), 蔑称 (besshō, specifically a disparaging nickname)
[from 1614] a pet name, a term of endearment
Synonym: 愛称 (aishō)

Verb edit

渾名(あだな)する • (adana suru) suru (stem 渾名(あだな)し (adana shi), past 渾名(あだな)した (adana shita))

[from mid-1800s] to nickname

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of "渾名する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	渾名し	あだなし	adana shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	渾名し	あだなし	adana shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	渾名する	あだなする	adana suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	渾名する	あだなする	adana suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	渾名すれ	あだなすれ	adana sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	渾名せよ¹ 渾名しろ²	あだなせよ¹ あだなしろ²	adana seyo¹ adana shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	渾名される	あだなされる	adana sareru
Causative	渾名させる渾名さす	あだなさせるあだなさす	adana saseru adana sasu
Potential	渾名できる	あだなできる	adana dekiru
Volitional	渾名しよう	あだなしよう	adana shiyō
Negative	渾名しない	あだなしない	adana shinai
Negative continuative	渾名せず	あだなせず	adana sezu
Formal	渾名します	あだなします	adana shimasu
Perfective	渾名した	あだなした	adana shita
Conjunctive	渾名して	あだなして	adana shite
Hypothetical conditional	渾名すれば	あだなすれば	adana sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
渾	名
こん Hyōgaiji	めい Grade: 1
kan’on

Alternative spellings
諢名混名

Appears to be an instance of applying the on'yomi reading to existing term 渾名 (adana) to impart a more formal sense. Compare the different register for English synonyms of Germanic derivation versus Latinate or Greek derivation, such as everyday nickname versus more formal epithet or agnomen.

First cited to 1870.^[6]

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) こんめー [kòńméé] (Heiban – [0])^[3]
IPA^(key): [kõ̞mːe̞ː]

Noun edit

渾(こん)名(めい) • (konmei)

[from 1870] (rare) a nickname, a pet name, especially one used for humorous or endearing effect
Synonym: 愛称 (aishō)

Verb edit

渾(こん)名(めい)する • (konmei suru) suru (stem 渾(こん)名(めい)し (konmei shi), past 渾(こん)名(めい)した (konmei shita))

[from 1870] (rare) to call someone a nickname or pet name, especially one used for humorous or endearing effect

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of "渾名する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	渾名し	こんめいし	konmei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	渾名し	こんめいし	konmei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	渾名する	こんめいする	konmei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	渾名する	こんめいする	konmei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	渾名すれ	こんめいすれ	konmei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	渾名せよ¹ 渾名しろ²	こんめいせよ¹ こんめいしろ²	konmei seyo¹ konmei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	渾名される	こんめいされる	konmei sareru
Causative	渾名させる渾名さす	こんめいさせるこんめいさす	konmei saseru konmei sasu
Potential	渾名できる	こんめいできる	konmei dekiru
Volitional	渾名しよう	こんめいしよう	konmei shiyō
Negative	渾名しない	こんめいしない	konmei shinai
Negative continuative	渾名せず	こんめいせず	konmei sezu
Formal	渾名します	こんめいします	konmei shimasu
Perfective	渾名した	こんめいした	konmei shita
Conjunctive	渾名して	こんめいして	konmei shite
Hypothetical conditional	渾名すれば	こんめいすれば	konmei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 “渾名・綽名”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
^ “渾名”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “諢名・混名”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[KDJ2-1] 1.0 ^1.1 “渾名・綽名”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[DDJS-2] “渾名”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[DJR-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-4] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[SMK5-5] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ2-konmei-6] “諢名・混名”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

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