brenna
Aragonese edit
Alternative forms edit
- berienda (Cheso, Tensino)
- brienda (Chistabín, Lanuza, Sobrarbe)
- brenda (other dialects)
- brena (Chistabín, Ribagorçan)
Etymology edit
From Latin merenda, through berienda or *berenda.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
brenna f (plural brennas)
- (Belsetán) afternoon snack
References edit
- Badia I Margarit, Antonio. 1950. El habla del Valle de Bielsa. Barcelona: Instituto de Estudios Pirenaicos. 87, 235.
- “merienda”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)
Bavarian edit
Etymology edit
A merger of Old High German brennen (from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną), and Old High German brinnan (from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną). Cognates include Dutch branden, Icelandic brenna, Swedish brinna, English burn.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
brenna (past participle brennt)
- (intransitive) to burn; to be on fire
- (intransitive) to be lit, to be on (of a light or lamp)
- (transitive, reflexive) to burn oneself, to suffer a burning
- Synonym: verbrenna
- (intransitive) to irritate; to induce pain or another painful sensation; to bite; to sting
- (intransitive) to smart; to sting (a sore or wound)
- (transitive) to fire; to bake; to kiln (tiles and pottery)
- (transitive) to distil (alcoholic beverages such as schnapps)
- (transitive, computing) to burn; to archive data on a storage medium (such as CDs, DVDs, etc.)
- (intransitive, figuratively) to emit heat
- (intransitive, figuratively) to miscalculate, to misjudge
- (transitive, figuratively) to fork out, to shell out
Conjugation edit
infinitive | brenna | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | subjunctive | |
1st person sing. | brenn | - | brennat |
2nd person sing. | brennst | - | brennadst |
3rd person sing. | brennt | - | brennat |
1st person plur. | brennan | - | brennadn |
2nd person plur. | brennts | - | brennats |
3rd person plur. | brennan | - | brennadn |
imperative sing. | brenn | ||
imperative plur. | brennts | ||
past participle | brennt |
Derived terms edit
Faroese edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
brenna f (genitive singular brennu, plural brennur)
Declension edit
Declension of brenna | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | brenna | brennan | brennur | brennurnar |
accusative | brennu | brennuna | brennur | brennurnar |
dative | brennu | brennuni | brennum | brennunum |
genitive | brennu | brennunnar | brenna | brennanna |
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse brinna, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną.
Verb edit
brenna (third person singular past indicative brann, third person plural past indicative brunnu, supine brunnið)
- (intransitive) to burn
Usage notes edit
- nú brennur tú í mær - now you are burning in me (song title by Eivør Pálsdóttir)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of brenna (group v-48) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | brenna | |
supine | brunnið | |
participle (a34)1 | brennandi | brunnin |
present | past | |
first singular | brenni | brann |
second singular | brennur | branst |
third singular | brennur | brann |
plural | brenna | brunnu |
imperative | ||
singular | brenn! | |
plural | brennið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
From Old Norse brenna, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną.
Verb edit
brenna (third person singular past indicative brendi, third person plural past indicative brendu, supine brent)
- (transitive) to burn
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of brenna (group v-8) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | brenna | |
supine | brent | |
participle (a7)1 | brennandi | brendur |
present | past | |
first singular | brenni | brendi |
second singular | brennir | brendi |
third singular | brennir | brendi |
plural | brenna | brendu |
imperative | ||
singular | brenna! | |
plural | brennið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Derived terms edit
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse brinna, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną.
Verb edit
brenna (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative brann, third-person plural past indicative brunnu, supine brunnið)
- (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire
Conjugation edit
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að brenna | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
brunnið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
brennandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég brenn | við brennum | present (nútíð) |
ég brenni | við brennum |
þú brennur | þið brennið | þú brennir | þið brennið | ||
hann, hún, það brennur | þeir, þær, þau brenna | hann, hún, það brenni | þeir, þær, þau brenni | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég brann | við brunnum | past (þátíð) |
ég brynni | við brynnum |
þú brannst | þið brunnuð | þú brynnir | þið brynnuð | ||
hann, hún, það brann | þeir, þær, þau brunnu | hann, hún, það brynni | þeir, þær, þau brynnu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
brenn (þú) | brennið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
brenndu | brenniði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
brunninn | brunnin | brunnið | brunnir | brunnar | brunnin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
brunninn | brunna | brunnið | brunna | brunnar | brunnin | |
dative (þágufall) |
brunnum | brunninni | brunnu | brunnum | brunnum | brunnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
brunnins | brunninnar | brunnins | brunninna | brunninna | brunninna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
brunni | brunna | brunna | brunnu | brunnu | brunnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
brunna | brunnu | brunna | brunnu | brunnu | brunnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
brunna | brunnu | brunna | brunnu | brunnu | brunnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
brunna | brunnu | brunna | brunnu | brunnu | brunnu |
Derived terms edit
- brunninn
- brenna allar brýr að baki sér
- brenna við (to get burned)
- Maturinn brann við.
- The food got burned.
- vilja brenna við (to tend to happen)
- Það vill brenna við.
- It tends to happen.
- brenna í skinninu (to be raring to go)
- Hann brennur í skinninu.
- He's raring to go.
- láta sér ekki allt fyrir brjósti brenna (to be not afraid of anything)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse brenna, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną.
Verb edit
brenna (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative brenndi, supine brennt)
- (transitive, governs the accusative) to burn, to set on fire
- Ég brenndi mig á fingrinum!
- I burnt my finger!
- (transitive, governs the dative) to heat up with
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
brenna f (genitive singular brennu, nominative plural brennur)
Declension edit
f-w1 | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | brenna | brennan | brennur | brennurnar |
accusative | brennu | brennuna | brennur | brennurnar |
dative | brennu | brennunni | brennum | brennunum |
genitive | brennu | brennunnar | brenna | brennanna |
Derived terms edit
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Unknown.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
brenna f (plural brenne)
Hypernyms edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Frankish, itself from a Celtic language, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *bragnos (“foul, rotten”); compare Old French bren.
Noun edit
brenna f (genitive brennae); first declension
- (Medieval Latin) bran, in particular as dog food
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | brenna | brennae |
Genitive | brennae | brennārum |
Dative | brennae | brennīs |
Accusative | brennam | brennās |
Ablative | brennā | brennīs |
Vocative | brenna | brennae |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- brenna in Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1967– ) Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch, Munich: C.H. Beck
- Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “brenna”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse brenna, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną.
Alternative forms edit
- brenne (e and split infinitives)
Verb edit
brenna (present tense brenn, past tense brann, supine brunne, past participle brunnen, present participle brennande, imperative brenn)
- (intransitive) burn
- Graset på heia brenn.
- The grass on the heath is burning.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse brenna, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną.
Alternative forms edit
- brenne (e and split infinitives)
Verb edit
brenna (present tense brenner, past tense brende, past participle brent, passive infinitive brennast, present participle brennande, imperative brenn)
- (transitive) burn
- Nokon hadde brent ned huset.
- Someone had burnt the house down.
References edit
- “brenna” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Norse edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *brinnaną.
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
brenna (singular past indicative brann, plural past indicative brunnu, past participle brunninn)
- (intransitive) to burn with a flame
- (intransitive) to be consumed by fire
Conjugation edit
infinitive | brenna | |
---|---|---|
present participle | brennandi | |
past participle | brunninn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | brenn | brann |
2nd-person singular | brennr | brant |
3rd-person singular | brennr | brann |
1st-person plural | brennum | brunnum |
2nd-person plural | brennið | brunnuð |
3rd-person plural | brenna | brunnu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | brenna | brynna |
2nd-person singular | brennir | brynnir |
3rd-person singular | brenni | brynni |
1st-person plural | brennim | brynnim |
2nd-person plural | brennið | brynnið |
3rd-person plural | brenni | brynni |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | brenn | |
1st-person plural | brennum | |
2nd-person plural | brennið |
infinitive | brennask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | brennandisk | |
past participle | brunnizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | brennumk | brunnumk |
2nd-person singular | brennsk | branzk |
3rd-person singular | brennsk | bransk |
1st-person plural | brennumsk | brunnumsk |
2nd-person plural | brennizk | brunnuzk |
3rd-person plural | brennask | brunnusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | brennumk | brynnumk |
2nd-person singular | brennisk | brynnisk |
3rd-person singular | brennisk | brynnisk |
1st-person plural | brennimsk | brynnimsk |
2nd-person plural | brennizk | brynnizk |
3rd-person plural | brennisk | brynnisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | brennsk | |
1st-person plural | brennumsk | |
2nd-person plural | brennizk |
Descendants edit
- Icelandic: brenna
- Faroese: brenna
- Norwegian: brenna, brenne
- Elfdalian: brinna
- Old Swedish: brinna
- Swedish: brinna
- Old Danish: brinnæ, brænnæ
- Gutnish: brinne
References edit
- brenna in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
Etymology 2 edit
Causative of brenna/brinna; from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną, causative of *brinnaną.
Verb edit
brenna
- (transitive, with accusative) to burn
- brenna bál
- to burn a bonfire
- (transitive, with accusative) to destroy by fire
- (transitive, with accusative) to purify (gold or silver)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | brenna | |
---|---|---|
present participle | brennandi | |
past participle | brendr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | brenni | brenda |
2nd-person singular | brennir | brendir |
3rd-person singular | brennir | brendi |
1st-person plural | brennum | brendum |
2nd-person plural | brennið | brenduð |
3rd-person plural | brenna | brendu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | brenna | brenda |
2nd-person singular | brennir | brendir |
3rd-person singular | brenni | brendi |
1st-person plural | brennim | brendim |
2nd-person plural | brennið | brendið |
3rd-person plural | brenni | brendi |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | brenn, brenni | |
1st-person plural | brennum | |
2nd-person plural | brennið |
infinitive | brennask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | brennandisk | |
past participle | brenzk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | brennumk | brendumk |
2nd-person singular | brennisk | brendisk |
3rd-person singular | brennisk | brendisk |
1st-person plural | brennumsk | brendumsk |
2nd-person plural | brennizk | brenduzk |
3rd-person plural | brennask | brendusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | brennumk | brendumk |
2nd-person singular | brennisk | brendisk |
3rd-person singular | brennisk | brendisk |
1st-person plural | brennimsk | brendimsk |
2nd-person plural | brennizk | brendizk |
3rd-person plural | brennisk | brendisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | brensk, brennisk | |
1st-person plural | brennumsk | |
2nd-person plural | brennizk |
Descendants edit
- Icelandic: brenna
- Faroese: brenna
- Norwegian: brenne
- Old Swedish: brænna
- Swedish: bränna
- Old Danish: brænnæ
- Danish: brænde
References edit
- brenna in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
Etymology 3 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
brenna f (genitive brennu)
Declension edit
feminine | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | brenna | brennan | brennur | brennurnar |
accusative | brennu | brennuna | brennur | brennurnar |
dative | brennu | brennunni | brennum | brennunum |
genitive | brennu | brennunnar | brenna | brennanna |
Descendants edit
- Swedish: bränna