tú
Aragonese edit
Etymology edit
From Latin tu Akin to Spanish tú and Portuguese tu.
Pronoun edit
tú m sg or f sg
- Second-person singular nominative pronoun; you
See also edit
nominative | disjunctive | dative | accusative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me, m'2 | ||||
plural | masculine | nusatros1.1 | nos1.6 | ||||
feminine | nusatras1.1 | ||||||
second person | singular | familiar | tú | te, t'2 | |||
formal | vusté,1.2 vos | ||||||
plural | familiar | masculine | vusatros1.3 | vos, tos3 | |||
feminine | vusatras1.3 | ||||||
formal | vustés,1.2 vos | ||||||
third person | singular | masculine | él1.4 | le1.7 | lo,1.8 l'2 | ||
feminine | ella1.5 | la | |||||
plural | masculine | els, ellos1.4 | les1.7 | los1.9 | |||
feminine | ellas1.5 | las | |||||
reflexive | — | se, s'2 |
- The forms shown in the table are the most widespread ones. Some varieties use different forms:
- nusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and nusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
- usté(s) (Benasquese), ustet(z) (Ansotano), vustet(z) (Tensino, Somontanos)
- vusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and vusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
- ell(s) (Benasquese) and er(s) (Belsetán).
- era(s) (Belsetán).
- mos (Ribagorçan). Before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en the contracted form mo' is used.
- li(s) (Cheso, Tensino).
- el (Ribagorçan). The contracted form l' is used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds and 'l after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
- es, els (Ribagorçan). These forms are contracted to 's and 'ls after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
- The contracted forms are used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds.
- In Ribagorçan the contracted form to' is used before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en.
References edit
- “tú”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)
Chiricahua edit
Alternative forms edit
- tó (Chiricahua)
Etymology edit
From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.
Noun edit
tú
- (Mescalero) water
References edit
- Marianna Di Paolo, Arthur K. Spears, Languages and Dialects in the U.S.: Focus on Diversity (2014, →ISBN, page 38 (citing Hoijer 1938)
Fala edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese tu, from Latin tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
tú m sg or f sg
- Second person singular nominative pronoun; you
See also edit
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | ei | me, -mi | mi | ||
plural | common | nos | musL nusLV nos, -nusM |
nos | ||
masculine | noshotrusM | noshotrusM | ||||
feminine | noshotrasM | noshotrasM | ||||
second person | singular | tú | te, -ti | ti | ||
plural | common | vos | vusLV vos, -vusM |
vos | ||
masculine | voshotrusM | voshotrusM | ||||
feminine | voshotrasM | voshotrasM | ||||
third person | singular | masculine | el | le, -li | uLV, oM | el |
feminine | ela | a | ela | |||
plural | masculine | elis | usLV, osM | elis | ||
feminine | elas | as | elas | |||
reflexive | — | se, -si | sí |
References edit
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
tú
- you, thou
- ert tú eingilskmaður/onglendingur? ― are you an Englishman?
- ert tú amerikanari? ― are you an American?
- ert tú føroyingur? ― are you Faroese?
- ert tú týskari? ― are you a German?
- ert tú dani? ― are you a Dane?
- ert tú norðmaður? ― are you a Norwegian?
- ert tú íslendingur? ― are you an Icelander?
- ert tú svii/svíi? ― are you a Swede?
Usage notes edit
The informal tú form is correct among younger people and non-foreigners. The very formal form is tygum.
Declension edit
Personal pronouns (Persónsfornøvn) | |||||
Singular (eintal) | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person masc. | 3rd person fem. | 3rd person neut. |
Nominative (hvørfall) | eg, jeg | tú | hann | hon | tað |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | meg, mjeg | teg, tjeg | hana | ||
Dative (hvørjumfall) | mær | tær | honum | henni | tí |
Genitive (hvørsfall) | mín | tín | hansara, hans† | hennara, hennar† | tess |
Plural (fleirtal) | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person masc. | 3rd person fem. | 3rd person neut. |
Nominative (hvørfall) | vit | tit | teir | tær | tey |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | okkum | tykkum | |||
Dative (hvørjumfall) | teimum, teim† | ||||
Genitive (hvørsfall) | okkara | tykkara | teirra |
Derived terms edit
Hokkien edit
For pronunciation and definitions of tú – see 拄 (“to prop; to support; to lean on; to be propped up; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 拄). |
Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish tú, from Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
tú (emphatic form tusa, conjunctive)
Usage notes edit
- Unlike many European languages, Irish does not distinguish between "familiar" and "polite" second-person pronouns. Tú is used to address any one person, regardless of how well known that person is to the speaker.
- The emphatic form tusa is also used as the vocative: Haigh tusa! — "Hey you!"
Related terms edit
- thú (disjunctive)
See also edit
Number | Person (and gender) | Conjunctive (emphatic) |
Disjunctive (emphatic) |
Possessive determiner |
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | mé (mise) |
mo L m' before vowel sounds | |
Second | tú (tusa)1 |
thú (thusa) |
do L d' before vowel sounds | |
Third masculine | sé (seisean) |
é (eisean) |
a L | |
Third feminine | sí (sise) |
í (ise) |
a H | |
Third neuter | — | ea | — | |
Plural | First | muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne) |
ár E | |
Second | sibh (sibhse)1 |
bhur E | ||
Third | siad (siadsan) |
iad (iadsan) |
a E |
References edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tú”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Kambera edit
Verb edit
tú
- (transitive) to put
References edit
- Marian Klamer (1998) A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 199
Koho edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tú
References edit
- Paul J. Sidwell, Proto South Bahnaric: A Reconstruction of a Mon-Khmer Language of Indo-China (2000)
Ladino edit
Etymology edit
From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronoun edit
tú (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling טו)
- you (singular)
Mandarin edit
Pronunciation edit
audio (file)
Romanization edit
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 凃
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啙
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 圖/图, 圗, 図, 图
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 塗/涂
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 宊
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屠
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峹
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嵞
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 庩
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 徒
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 怢
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 悂
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 捈
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 揬
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梌
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 涂
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 湥
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 潳
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瑹
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瘏
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 稌
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 突
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 筡
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腞
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腯
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 荼
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 菞
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 葖
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蒤
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跌
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 途
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 酴
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈯/𨱄
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鍎
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 馟
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 駼/𬳿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵅/𱉮
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵚/𪉍
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鶟/𱊖
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷋/𱊠
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷵/𱊩
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鼵
Old Gutnish edit
Numeral edit
tú (masculine tweir, feminine twár)
- neuter nominative/accusative of tweir (“two”)
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (compare Ancient Greek σύ (sú), Latin tū, Old Church Slavonic тꙑ (ty), Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu), Welsh ti).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
tú (genitive taí)
- you (singular nominative), thou
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5b28
- Ní tú nod·n-ail, acht is hé not·ail.
- It is not you that nourishes it, but it that nourishes you.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 92a17
- Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.
- To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5b28
Derived terms edit
- tussu (emphatic)
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
tú | thú | tú pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Slovincian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
tú (not comparable)
- here (at this place)
Further reading edit
- Lorentz, Friedrich (1912) “tʉ̇́”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch[2] (in German), volume 2, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 1242
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (whence English thou).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
tú
- Second person pronoun in singular tense (informal communication in Spain and Mexico). you
- Synonym: (in and near Argentina) vos
Usage notes edit
- When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun yo at first, it must be the last one, and tú must be said after any third person (this applies also for ti and mí):
- Iremos Rosa, tú y yo. ― Rosa, you and I will go.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Chavacano: tu
See also edit
- usted (formal communication)
nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me | mí1 | |||
plural | masculine2 | nosotros | nos | nosotros | |||
feminine | nosotras | nosotras | |||||
second person | singular | tuteo | tú | te | ti1 | ||
voseo | vos | vos | |||||
formal3 | usted | le, se4 | lo/la5 | usted | |||
plural | familiar6 | masculine2 | vosotros | os | vosotros | ||
feminine | vosotras | vosotras | |||||
formal/general3 | ustedes | les, se4 | los/las5 | ustedes | |||
third person | singular | masculine2 | él | le, se4 | lo | él | |
feminine | ella | la | ella | ||||
neuter | ello7 | lo | ello | ||||
plural | masculine2 | ellos | les, se4 | los | ellos | ||
feminine | ellas | las | ellas | ||||
reflexive | — | se | sí1 |
- Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
- Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
- Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
- If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
- Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
- Used primarily in Spain
- Used only in rare circumstances
Further reading edit
- “tú”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tsuut'ina edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognate with Navajo tó
Noun edit
tú
Western Apache edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.
Noun edit
tú
ǁAni edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Khoe *tú (“rain; to rain”).
Noun edit
tú