esca
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
esca (plural escae)
- (ichthyology) The fleshy growth from an anglerfish's head that acts as a lure for its prey.
- (phytopathology) A fungal disease afflicting grapes.
Synonyms edit
- (anglerfish growth): illicium
- (fungal disease): black measles
Translations edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Galician escá, from Hispanic Late Latin scala (“bowl”) attested in Isidore of Seville, probably from Suevic, from Proto-Germanic *skēlō (“bowl”). Cognate with German Schale and Dutch schaal.
Noun edit
esca (plural escas)
- (historical) A traditional Galician unit of dry measure, equivalent to about 6–9 L depending on the substance measured.
- (historical) A kind of measuring cup once used for measuring escas of grain.
Coordinate terms edit
Anagrams edit
Asturian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
esca f (plural esques)
- tinder (dry plants used to light a fire)
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
esca f (plural esques)
- amadou (substance derived from the hoof fungus)
- tinder (dry plants used to light a fire)
- (figurative) spur, impetus, stimulus
- Synonym: incentiu
- bait (substance used in catching fish)
- Synonym: esquer
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “esca” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “esca” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
esca
- inflection of escar:
Galician edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin ēsca.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
esca f (plural escas)
- tinder (dry plants used to light a fire)
- c. 1300, R. Martínez López, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 220:
- y achou cõ aquel arco hum estormento, et seu esqueyro, et sua ysca, et seu pedernal em el
- there he found, together with that bow, a tinderbox, with its lighter, its tinder, and its flint inside it
- bait
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “ysca” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “ysca” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “esca” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “esca” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “esca” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Italian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
esca f (plural esche)
- (obsolete) (animal) food
- (obsolete, uncommon, also figurative) food
- bait, lure (anything used to catch animals)
- (figurative) bait, lure (anything that allures or attracts)
- (figurative) decoy
- tinder
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- esca in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
esca
- inflection of uscire:
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
For Proto-Italic *ēsskā, Proto-Indo-European *h₁ēd-s-keh₂, from *h₁ed- (“eat”), the root of edō (“eat”). Judging by Lithuanian ėskà (“food, fodder”), the long vowel is of PIE origin, but despite this often cited as an example of Lachmann's lengthening.[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈeːs.ka/, [ˈeːs̠kä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈes.ka/, [ˈɛskä]
Noun edit
ēsca f (genitive ēscae); first declension
- (collective) food
- an individual serving, a dish
- (collective) fodder
- Synonym: pābulum
- (collective) fuel, especially firewood
- Synonyms: māteria, nūtrīmentum
- (collective) kindling, tinder
- Synonyms: fōmentum, nūtrīmentum
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | ēsca | ēscae |
Genitive | ēscae | ēscārum |
Dative | ēscae | ēscīs |
Accusative | ēscam | ēscās |
Ablative | ēscā | ēscīs |
Vocative | ēsca | ēscae |
- An archaic/dialectal form of the genitive singular, ēscās (for the classically usual ēscae) is cited by Priscian from Livius Andronicus.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Balkan Romance:
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
References edit
- “ēsca” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “edō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Further reading edit
- “esca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “esca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- esca in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- esca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin ēsca.[1] Compare the inherited doublet yesca.
Noun edit
esca f (plural escas)
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading edit
- “esca”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014