Wiktionary

responder

English

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Etymology

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From respond +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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responder (plural responders)

  1. One who responds.
    • 2014, Geoffrey N. Leech, The Pragmatics of Politeness, page 31:
      As Levinson (1983: 334) points out, signs of dispreference in turn taking include: (a) Delays: notably a pause, or a time gap, before the responder replies to the preceding turn […]
  2. A person who responds to an emergency situation or other summons.
    911 responders arrived at the scene within five minutes after the call.

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Aragonese

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Etymology

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From Latin respondēre, present active infinitive of respondeō.

Verb

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responder

  1. (transitive) to respond

References

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Asturian

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Etymology

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From Latin respondēre, likely via Late Latin respondere.[1]

Verb

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responder

  1. respond

Conjugation

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Conjugation of responder
infinitive responder
gerundive respondiendo
participle m respondíu, f respondida, n respondío, m pl respondíos, f pl respondíes
person first singular
yo 		second singular
tu 		third singular
él/elli 		first plural
nosotros/nós 		second plural
vosotros/vós 		third plural
ellos
indicative present respuendo respuendes respuende respondemos respondéis respuenden
preterite imperfect respondía respondíes respondía respondíemos respondíeis respondíen
preterite indefinite respondí respondiesti respondió respondiemos respondiestis respondieron
pluperfect respondiere respondieres respondiere respondiéremos respondiereis respondieren
subjunctive present respuenda respuendas respuenda respondamos respondáis respuendan
preterite imperfect respondiere respondieres respondiere respondiéremos respondiereis respondieren
potential future responderé responderás responderá responderemos responderéis responderán
conditional respondería responderíes respondería responderíemos/responderíamos responderíeis/responderíais responderíen
imperative respuendi respondéi
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References

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  1. ^ Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

Galician

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese responder, from Latin respondēre (likely via Late Latin respondere).[1]

Verb

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responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respondín, past participle respondido)
responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respondim or respondi, past participle respondido, reintegrationist norm)

  1. to answer, to reply

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of responder
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti) 		Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal responder
Personal responder responderes responder respondermos responderdes responderen
Gerund
respondendo
Past participle
Masculine respondido respondidos
Feminine respondida respondidas
Indicative
Present respondo respondes responde respondemos respondedes responden
Imperfect respondía respondías respondía respondiamos respondiades respondían
Preterite respondín respondiches respondeu respondemos respondestes responderon
Pluperfect respondera responderas respondera responderamos responderades responderan
Future responderei responderás responderá responderemos responderedes responderán
Conditional respondería responderías respondería responderiamos responderiades responderían
Subjunctive
Present responda respondas responda respondamos respondades respondan
Imperfect respondese respondeses respondese respondésemos respondésedes respondesen
Future responder responderes responder respondermos responderdes responderen
Imperative
Affirmative responde responda respondamos respondede respondan
Negative (non) non respondas non responda non respondamos non respondades non respondan
    Reintegrated conjugation of responder (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti / tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal responder
Personal responder responderes responder respondermos responderdes responderem
Gerund
respondendo
Past participle
Masculine respondido respondidos
Feminine respondida respondidas
Indicative
Present respondo respondes responde respondemos respondedes, respondeis respondem
Imperfect respondia respondias respondia respondíamos respondíades, respondíeis, respondíais1 respondiam
Preterite respondim, respondi respondeste, respondeche1 respondeu respondemos respondestes respondêrom, responderam
Pluperfect respondera responderas respondera respondêramos respondêrades, respondêreis, respondêrais1 responderam
Future responderei responderás responderá responderemos responderedes, respondereis responderám, responderão
Conditional responderia responderias responderia responderíamos responderíades, responderíeis, responderíais1 responderiam
Subjunctive
Present responda respondas responda respondamos respondades, respondais respondam
Imperfect respondesse respondesses respondesse respondêssemos respondêssedes, respondêsseis respondessem
Future responder responderes responder respondermos responderdes responderem
Imperative
Affirmative responde responda respondamos respondede, respondei respondam
Negative (nom) nom respondas nom responda nom respondamos nom respondades, nom respondais nom respondam

1Less recommended.

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References

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  1. ^ Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

Interlingua

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Verb

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responder

  1. to answer

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of responder
infinitive responder
participle present perfect
respondente respondite
active simple perfect
present responde ha respondite
past respondeva habeva respondite
future respondera habera respondite
conditional responderea haberea respondite
imperative responde
passive simple perfect
present es respondite ha essite respondite
past esseva respondite habeva essite respondite
future essera respondite habera essite respondite
conditional esserea respondite haberea essite respondite
imperative sia respondite

Old Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin respondēre (likely via Late Latin respondĕre).[1]

Verb

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responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respuse, past participle respuso)

  1. to reply, to answer
    • c. 1280, Alfonso X, General Estoria, tercera parte, (published by Pedro Sánchez-Prieto Borja and Bautista Horcajada Diezma, 1994, Madrid: Gredos, page 344):
      […] e si respuende que non quier con el morar & que quiere maldizer el nonbre de Jhesu Cristo e lo quiere traer a la su carrera mala e a otro pecado mortal, dara la Iglesia a este otro licençia que case.
      [in the context of a man converted from Judaism to Christianity, regarding his Jewish wife] […] and if she replies that she doesn't want to live with him anymore, and that she's willing to curse the name of Jesus Christ and take him [back] to her bad ways or some other mortal sin, the Church shall give him a licence to marry [again].
    • c. 1275, Alfonso X, General Estoria, primera parte, (published by Pedro Sánchez Prieto-Borja, 2002, Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá de Henares):
      E respusol ella: - Beve, mio señor, cuanto quisieres.
      And she replied to him, "Drink, milord, as much as you want."

Usage notes

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In stem-stressed forms, the present is attested with diphthongization, respuendo, but is very rare. Same is true of the past participle repuso.

Descendants

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  • Spanish: responder

References

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  1. ^ Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

Portuguese

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese responder, from Latin respondēre (“answer”) (likely via Late Latin respondere),[1] from re- + spondeō (“promise”).

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: res‧pon‧der

Verb

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responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respondi, past participle respondido)

  1. to answer; to reply (to give a written or spoken response)
    Synonyms: replicar, retorquir, retrucar
    Antonym: calar
  2. (intransitive) to retort frequently
    Synonym: retrucar
  3. to correspond to (to be equivalent to)
    Synonyms: corresponder, equivaler
  4. to counterattack
    Synonyms: contratacar, reagir, revidar
  5. (intransitive) to be responsible (for something)
  6. (law, intransitive) to be a defendant

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of responder (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal responder
Personal responder responderes responder respondermos responderdes responderem
Gerund
respondendo
Past participle
Masculine respondido respondidos
Feminine respondida respondidas
Indicative
Present respondo respondes responde respondemos respondeis respondem
Imperfect respondia respondias respondia respondíamos respondíeis respondiam
Preterite respondi respondeste respondeu respondemos respondestes responderam
Pluperfect respondera responderas respondera respondêramos respondêreis responderam
Future responderei responderás responderá responderemos respondereis responderão
Conditional responderia responderias responderia responderíamos responderíeis responderiam
Subjunctive
Present responda respondas responda respondamos respondais respondam
Imperfect respondesse respondesses respondesse respondêssemos respondêsseis respondessem
Future responder responderes responder respondermos responderdes responderem
Imperative
Affirmative responde responda respondamos respondei respondam
Negative (não) não respondas não responda não respondamos não respondais não respondam
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References

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  1. ^ Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Spanish responder, inherited from Latin respondēre (likely via Late Latin respondĕre).[1] The original past participle was respuso or repuso in Old Spanish.[2] The expected diphthongization of stressed Latin /ŏ/ is found in Asturian responder (that is, respuendo) and sporadically in Old Spanish as well.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /responˈdeɾ/ [res.põn̪ˈd̪eɾ]
  • Audio (Colombia):(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɾ
  • Syllabification: res‧pon‧der

Verb

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responder (first-person singular present respondo, first-person singular preterite respondí, past participle respondido)

  1. (intransitive, transitive) to answer, to reply
    Synonym: contestar
    responde al nombre de ― his/her name is
    Respondí rápido tus preguntas. ― I answered your questions fast.
    Me gusta que respondas así. ― I like that you give answers like that.
    Lo siento, no te pude responder la llamada. ― Sorry, I couldn't answer your (phone) call.
    Respóndele a tu madre, no te quedes callada. ― Reply to your mother, don't stay silent.
  2. (intransitive, transitive) to talk back, to answer back (to respond defiantly and inappropriately)
    Synonyms: argumentar, rebatir, replicar
    Mira cómo responde la niña de malcriada. ― Notice how the girl talks back, she's so spoiled.
  3. (intransitive) to respond, to react (to someone else's actions)
    La audiencia respondía bien a sus chistes. ― The audience was responding well to his jokes.
    Los revolucionarios respondimos con más violencia ante su represión. ― We the revolutionaries, facing their repression, responded with more violence.
  4. (intransitive) to answer for, to be responsible for, vouch for (with por)
    Synonym: responsabilizarse por
    Necesito un fiador que responda por mí. ― I need a guarantor to vouch for me.
  5. (intransitive, medicine) to react, to respond (to a treatment, with a)
    El paciente no respondió bien al tratamiento. ― The patient didn't respond well to the treatment.

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of responder (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive responder
gerund respondiendo
past participle masculine feminine
singular respondido respondida
plural respondidos respondidas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present respondo respondestú
respondésvos 		responde respondemos respondéis responden
imperfect respondía respondías respondía respondíamos respondíais respondían
preterite respondí respondiste respondió respondimos respondisteis respondieron
future responderé responderás responderá responderemos responderéis responderán
conditional respondería responderías respondería responderíamos responderíais responderían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present responda respondastú
respondásvos2 		responda respondamos respondáis respondan
imperfect
(ra) 		respondiera respondieras respondiera respondiéramos respondierais respondieran
imperfect
(se) 		respondiese respondieses respondiese respondiésemos respondieseis respondiesen
future1 respondiere respondieres respondiere respondiéremos respondiereis respondieren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative respondetú
respondévos 		responda respondamos responded respondan
negative no respondas no responda no respondamos no respondáis no respondan

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of responder

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive responder
dative responderme responderte responderle, responderse respondernos responderos responderles, responderse
accusative responderme responderte responderlo, responderla, responderse respondernos responderos responderlos, responderlas, responderse
with gerund respondiendo
dative respondiéndome respondiéndote respondiéndole, respondiéndose respondiéndonos respondiéndoos respondiéndoles, respondiéndose
accusative respondiéndome respondiéndote respondiéndolo, respondiéndola, respondiéndose respondiéndonos respondiéndoos respondiéndolos, respondiéndolas, respondiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative responde
dative respóndeme respóndete respóndele respóndenos not used respóndeles
accusative respóndeme respóndete respóndelo, respóndela respóndenos not used respóndelos, respóndelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative respondé
dative respondeme respondete respondele respondenos not used respondeles
accusative respondeme respondete respondelo, respondela respondenos not used respondelos, respondelas
with formal second-person singular imperative responda
dative respóndame not used respóndale, respóndase respóndanos not used respóndales
accusative respóndame not used respóndalo, respóndala, respóndase respóndanos not used respóndalos, respóndalas
with first-person plural imperative respondamos
dative not used respondámoste respondámosle respondámonos respondámoos respondámosles
accusative not used respondámoste respondámoslo, respondámosla respondámonos respondámoos respondámoslos, respondámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative responded
dative respondedme not used respondedle respondednos respondeos respondedles
accusative respondedme not used respondedlo, respondedla respondednos respondeos respondedlos, respondedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative respondan
dative respóndanme not used respóndanle respóndannos not used respóndanles, respóndanse
accusative respóndanme not used respóndanlo, respóndanla respóndannos not used respóndanlos, respóndanlas, respóndanse

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/resˈpɔnd-e-/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
  2. ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1985) “responder”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes IV (Me–Re), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 887

Further reading

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