calar
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
calar (first-person singular present calo, first-person singular preterite calí, past participle calat)
- (transitive, archaic) to lower
- (transitive, nautical) to lower (sails, masts, ships, nets, etc.)
- (transitive) to soak, to drench
- (transitive) to insert, to fit together
- (transitive) to set, to light (a fire)
- calar foc a ― to set fire to
- (reflexive) to stall (of an engine: to stop suddenly)
- (transitive) to stall (to cause the engine of a manual-transmission car to stop)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | calar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | calant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | calat | calada | |||||
plural | calats | calades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | calo | cales | cala | calem | caleu | calen | |
imperfect | calava | calaves | calava | calàvem | calàveu | calaven | |
future | calaré | calaràs | calarà | calarem | calareu | calaran | |
preterite | calí | calares | calà | calàrem | calàreu | calaren | |
conditional | calaria | calaries | calaria | calaríem | calaríeu | calarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | cali | calis | cali | calem | caleu | calin | |
imperfect | calés | calessis | calés | caléssim | caléssiu | calessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | cala | cali | calem | caleu | calin | |
negative (no) | — | no calis | no cali | no calem | no caleu | no calin |
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “calar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “calar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “calar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “calar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin *callāre, from Latin chalāre, present active infinitive of chalō, from Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō). Cognate with Portuguese calar and Spanish callar.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
calar (first-person singular present calo, first-person singular preterite calei, past participle calado)
- (intransitive) to shut up; to be silent
- Calen barbas e falen cartas. (idiom) ― Let the beards [people] be silent and the charters [deeds] speak.
- 1405, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 227:
- Et as ditas persoas et coengos respondendo ao dito testemoyo et requerimento que contra elles tomaron os ditos omes moradores en Çesuras et en Çonay sobre rason da dita carta do dito corregidor diseron que a dita carta era de obedesçer et non de conprir por moytas rasoes a primeira por quanto a dita carta foy gaanada calada a uerdade et espremida a falsidade por quanto o dito Garçia Sanches nunca deu tal sentença commo os ditos moradores de Çesuras et de Çonan disen nen se prouaria que y ouuese libelo posto nen pleito concluso nen dia asignado para dar sentença por lo qual a dita carta non era de conprir nen a dita sentença non aueria efecto.
- and said persons and canons, answering that testimony and requirement that against them gave said inhabitants of Cesuras and Zonán, on account of said magistrate's charter, said that the aforementioned charter was of obey but do not fulfil [non executive] for a number of reasons; the first one, because that deed was acquired by silencing the truth and expressing falsehood, because said García Sánchez never gave such a sentence as the inhabitants of Cesuras and Zonán say, nor it could be proven that there were a posted libel, nor a concluded lawsuit, nor a day assigned for giving the sentence, therefore that charter was non executive, nor said sentence could have any effect
- (nautical, transitive) to sink, submerge
- (nautical, transitive) to touch the bottom
- (transitive) to fathom; to probe
Conjugation edit
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | calar | |||||
Personal | calar | calares | calar | calarmos | calardes | calaren |
Gerund | ||||||
calando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | calado | calados | ||||
Feminine | calada | caladas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | calo | calas | cala | calamos | calades | calan |
Imperfect | calaba | calabas | calaba | calabamos | calabades | calaban |
Preterite | calei | calaches | calou | calamos | calastes | calaron |
Pluperfect | calara | calaras | calara | calaramos | calarades | calaran |
Future | calarei | calarás | calará | calaremos | calaredes | calarán |
Conditional | calaría | calarías | calaría | calariamos | calariades | calarían |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | cale | cales | cale | calemos | caledes | calen |
Imperfect | calase | calases | calase | calásemos | calásedes | calasen |
Future | calar | calares | calar | calarmos | calardes | calaren |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | cala | cale | calemos | calade | calen | |
Negative (non) | non cales | non cale | non calemos | non caledes | non calen |
1Less recommended.
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “calar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “calar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “calar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “calar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
- “calar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “calar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Indonesian edit
Noun edit
calar (first-person possessive calarku, second-person possessive calarmu, third-person possessive calarnya)
- scratch
- Synonym: baret
- Kulitnya tertutupi oleh calar-calar kecil.
- Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.
Derived terms edit
Italian edit
Etymology edit
From calare.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
calar m (invariable)
- setting (of a heavenly body)
Derived terms edit
- calar del sole (“sunset”)
- calar della luna (“moonset”)
Further reading edit
- calar in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
Anagrams edit
Occitan edit
Etymology edit
From Old Occitan [Term?], from Vulgar Latin *calāre or *callāre, from Latin chalāre, present active infinitive of chalō, from Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
calar
- to shut up (prevent from speaking)
Conjugation edit
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | calar | aver calat | |||||
gerund | calant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | calat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cali | calas | cala | calam | calatz | calan | |
imperfect | calavi | calavas | calava | calàvem | calàvetz | calavan | |
preterite | calèri | calères | calèt | calèrem | calèretz | calèron | |
future | calarai | calaràs | calarà | calarem | calaretz | calaràn | |
conditional | calariái | calariás | calariá | calariam | calariatz | calarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | calèra | calèras | calèra | caleram | caleratz | calèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cale | cales | cale | calem | caletz | calen | |
imperfect | calèssi | calèsses | calèsse | calèssem | calèssetz | calèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cala | calem | calatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | calar | aver calat | |||||
gerund | calant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | calat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cale | cales | cala | calam | calatz | calon | |
imperfect | calave | calaves | calava | calaviam | calaviatz | calavon | |
preterite | calere | caleres | calet | calem | caletz | caleron | |
future | calarai | calaràs | calará | calarem | calaretz | calarán | |
conditional | calariá | calariás | calariá | calariam | calariatz | calarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | calèra | calèras | calèra | caleram | caleratz | calèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cale | cales | cale | calassiam | calassiatz | calon | |
imperfect | calesse | calesses | calesse | calessiam | calessiatz | calesson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cala | calassiam | calatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | calar | aver calat | |||||
gerund | calant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | calat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cali | calas | cala | calam | calatz | calan | |
imperfect | calavi | calavas | calava | calàvam | calàvatz | calavan | |
preterite | calèi | calès | calè | calèm | calètz | calèn | |
future | calarèi | calaràs | calarà | calaram | calaratz | calaràn | |
conditional | calarí | calarés | calaré | calarem | calaretz | calarén | |
conditional 2nd form1 | calèra | calèras | calèra | caleram | caleratz | calèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cali | cales | cale | calem | caletz | calen | |
imperfect | calèssi | calèsses | calèsse | calèssem | calèssetz | calèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cala | calem | calatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | calar | aver calat | |||||
gerund | calant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | calat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cale | calas | cala | calam | calatz | calan | |
imperfect | calava | calavas | calava | calàvam | calàvatz | calavan | |
preterite | calei | caleras | calet | calèram | calèratz | caleran | |
future | calarai | calaràs | calará | calarem | calaretz | calarán | |
conditional | calariá | calariàs | calariá | calariam | calariatz | calarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | calèra | calèras | calèra | caleram | caleratz | calèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cale | cales | cale | calem | caletz | calen | |
imperfect | calèsse | calèsses | calèsse | calèssem | calèssetz | calèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cala | calem | calatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | calar | aver calat | |||||
gerund | calant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | calat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cale | cales | cala | calam | calatz | calan | |
imperfect | calavi | calavas | calava | calàvem | calàvetz | calavan | |
preterite | calère | calères | calèt | caleriam | caleriatz | calèron | |
future | calarai | calaràs | calarà | calarem | calaretz | calaràn | |
conditional | calariáu | calariás | calariá | calariam | calariatz | calarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | calèra | calèras | calèra | caleram | caleratz | calèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cale | cales | cale | calem | caletz | calan | |
imperfect | calèsse | calèsses | calèsse | calessiam | calessiatz | calèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cala | calem | calatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Vulgar Latin *callāre, from Latin chalāre, from Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō).
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: ca‧lar
Verb edit
calar (first-person singular present calo, first-person singular preterite calei, past participle calado)
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to shut up (to stop talking)
- (transitive) to shut up (to stop someone from talking or something from making noise)
- Synonym: silenciar
Conjugation edit
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | calar | |||||
Personal | calar | calares | calar | calarmos | calardes | calarem |
Gerund | ||||||
calando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | calado | calados | ||||
Feminine | calada | caladas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | calo | calas | cala | calamos | calais | calam |
Imperfect | calava | calavas | calava | calávamos | caláveis | calavam |
Preterite | calei | calaste | calou | calamos1, calámos2 | calastes | calaram |
Pluperfect | calara | calaras | calara | caláramos | caláreis | calaram |
Future | calarei | calarás | calará | calaremos | calareis | calarão |
Conditional | calaria | calarias | calaria | calaríamos | calaríeis | calariam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | cale | cales | cale | calemos | caleis | calem |
Imperfect | calasse | calasses | calasse | calássemos | calásseis | calassem |
Future | calar | calares | calar | calarmos | calardes | calarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | cala | cale | calemos | calai | calem | |
Negative (não) | não cales | não cale | não calemos | não caleis | não calem |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “calar” in iDicionário Aulete.
- “calar” in Dicionário inFormal.
- “calar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
- “calar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
- “calar” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “calar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From cal (“lime”) + -ar, from Latin calx.
Adjective edit
calar m or f (masculine and feminine plural calares)
- (relational) limestone, lime
- Synonym: calizo
Noun edit
calar m (plural calares)
- limestone quarry
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Latin chalāre (“to descend”), from Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō).
Verb edit
calar (first-person singular present calo, first-person singular preterite calé, past participle calado)
- (of a liquid) to soak
- te cala hasta los huesos
- it soaks you to the bone
- to pierce with a sharp instrument
- (colloquial) to rumble, see through (to discover deceitful or underhanded behavior, hidden true motives or mindset)
- to catch on (become fashionable or popular)
- (reflexive, Spain) to stall (an engine)
- (reflexive) to put on (clothing)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | calar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | calando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | calado | calada | |||||
plural | calados | caladas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | calo | calastú calásvos |
cala | calamos | caláis | calan | |
imperfect | calaba | calabas | calaba | calábamos | calabais | calaban | |
preterite | calé | calaste | caló | calamos | calasteis | calaron | |
future | calaré | calarás | calará | calaremos | calaréis | calarán | |
conditional | calaría | calarías | calaría | calaríamos | calaríais | calarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | cale | calestú calésvos2 |
cale | calemos | caléis | calen | |
imperfect (ra) |
calara | calaras | calara | caláramos | calarais | calaran | |
imperfect (se) |
calase | calases | calase | calásemos | calaseis | calasen | |
future1 | calare | calares | calare | caláremos | calareis | calaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | calatú calávos |
cale | calemos | calad | calen | ||
negative | no cales | no cale | no calemos | no caléis | no calen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
infinitive | calarse | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | calándose | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | calado | calada | |||||
plural | calados | caladas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
personal non-finite | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
infinitive | calarme | calarte | calarse | calarnos | calaros | calarse | |
gerund | calándome | calándote | calándose | calándonos | calándoos | calándose | |
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | me calo | te calastú te calásvos |
se cala | nos calamos | os caláis | se calan | |
imperfect | me calaba | te calabas | se calaba | nos calábamos | os calabais | se calaban | |
preterite | me calé | te calaste | se caló | nos calamos | os calasteis | se calaron | |
future | me calaré | te calarás | se calará | nos calaremos | os calaréis | se calarán | |
conditional | me calaría | te calarías | se calaría | nos calaríamos | os calaríais | se calarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | me cale | te calestú te calésvos2 |
se cale | nos calemos | os caléis | se calen | |
imperfect (ra) |
me calara | te calaras | se calara | nos caláramos | os calarais | se calaran | |
imperfect (se) |
me calase | te calases | se calase | nos calásemos | os calaseis | se calasen | |
future1 | me calare | te calares | se calare | nos caláremos | os calareis | se calaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | cálatetú calatevos |
cálese | calémonos | calaos | cálense | ||
negative | no te cales | no se cale | no nos calemos | no os caléis | no se calen |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “calar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014