Etymology
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From Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”).
Pronunciation
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sōpiō (present infinitive sōpīre, perfect active sōpīvī or sōpiī, supine sōpītum); fourth conjugation
- (transitive) to deprive of feeling
- (transitive) to lull to sleep, put to sleep
- Synonym: sēdō
- (transitive) to render unconscious, knock out
- (figuratively, transitive) to kill
- Synonyms: necō, obtruncō, caedō, interficiō, trucīdō, tollō, peragō, percutiō, interimō, perimō, iugulō, cōnficiō, occīdō, ēnecō, dēiciō, absūmō, cōnsūmō
- (figuratively, transitive) to quiet, calm, soothe
- Synonyms: domō, lēniō, sēdō, dēlēniō, mītigō, plācō, mānsuēscō, mānsuētō, restinguō, commītigō, compōnō, levō, ēlevō, allevō, alleviō, sileō, molliō
- Antonyms: sollicitō, excitō, īnstīgō, īnstinguō, efferō, exciō, perpellō, concieō, concitō, īnflammō, cieō, incendō
Conjugation
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Conjugation of sōpiō (fourth conjugation)
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indicative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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sōpiō
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sōpīs
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sōpit
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sōpīmus
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sōpītis
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sōpiunt
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imperfect
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sōpiēbam
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sōpiēbās
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sōpiēbat
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sōpiēbāmus
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sōpiēbātis
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sōpiēbant
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future
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sōpiam
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sōpiēs
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sōpiet
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sōpiēmus
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sōpiētis
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sōpient
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perfect
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sōpīvī, sōpiī
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sōpīvistī, sōpiistī
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sōpīvit, sōpiit
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sōpīvimus, sōpiimus
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sōpīvistis, sōpiistis
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sōpīvērunt, sōpīvēre, sōpiērunt, sōpiēre
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pluperfect
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sōpīveram, sōpieram
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sōpīverās, sōpierās
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sōpīverat, sōpierat
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sōpīverāmus, sōpierāmus
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sōpīverātis, sōpierātis
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sōpīverant, sōpierant
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future perfect
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sōpīverō, sōpierō
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sōpīveris, sōpieris
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sōpīverit, sōpierit
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sōpīverimus, sōpierimus
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sōpīveritis, sōpieritis
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sōpīverint, sōpierint
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passive
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present
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sōpior
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sōpīris, sōpīre
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sōpītur
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sōpīmur
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sōpīminī
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sōpiuntur
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imperfect
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sōpiēbar
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sōpiēbāris, sōpiēbāre
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sōpiēbātur
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sōpiēbāmur
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sōpiēbāminī
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sōpiēbantur
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future
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sōpiar
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sōpiēris, sōpiēre
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sōpiētur
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sōpiēmur
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sōpiēminī
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sōpientur
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perfect
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sōpītus + present active indicative of sum
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pluperfect
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sōpītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
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future perfect
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sōpītus + future active indicative of sum
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subjunctive
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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sōpiam
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sōpiās
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sōpiat
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sōpiāmus
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sōpiātis
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sōpiant
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imperfect
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sōpīrem
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sōpīrēs
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sōpīret
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sōpīrēmus
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sōpīrētis
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sōpīrent
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perfect
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sōpīverim, sōpierim
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sōpīverīs, sōpierīs
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sōpīverit, sōpierit
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sōpīverīmus, sōpierīmus
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sōpīverītis, sōpierītis
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sōpīverint, sōpierint
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pluperfect
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sōpīvissem, sōpiissem
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sōpīvissēs, sōpiissēs
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sōpīvisset, sōpiisset
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sōpīvissēmus, sōpiissēmus
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sōpīvissētis, sōpiissētis
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sōpīvissent, sōpiissent
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passive
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present
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sōpiar
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sōpiāris, sōpiāre
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sōpiātur
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sōpiāmur
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sōpiāminī
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sōpiantur
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imperfect
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sōpīrer
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sōpīrēris, sōpīrēre
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sōpīrētur
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sōpīrēmur
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sōpīrēminī
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sōpīrentur
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perfect
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sōpītus + present active subjunctive of sum
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pluperfect
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sōpītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
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imperative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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—
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sōpī
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—
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—
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sōpīte
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—
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future
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—
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sōpītō
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sōpītō
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—
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sōpītōte
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sōpiuntō
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passive
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present
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—
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sōpīre
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—
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—
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sōpīminī
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—
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future
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—
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sōpītor
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sōpītor
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—
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—
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sōpiuntor
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non-finite forms
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active
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passive
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present
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perfect
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future
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present
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perfect
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future
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infinitives
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sōpīre
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sōpīvisse, sōpiisse
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sōpītūrum esse
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sōpīrī
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sōpītum esse
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sōpītum īrī
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participles
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sōpiēns
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—
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sōpītūrus
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—
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sōpītus
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sōpiendus, sōpiundus
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verbal nouns
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gerund
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supine
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genitive
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dative
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accusative
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ablative
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accusative
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ablative
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sōpiendī
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sōpiendō
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sōpiendum
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sōpiendō
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sōpītum
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sōpītū
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Descendants
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sōpiō m (genitive sōpiōnis); third declension
- A drawing of a man with a prominent penis
- Catullus 37
Frontem tabernae sopionibus scribam- I will draw pictures of penises on the front of the tavern.
- Anonymous graffito in Pompeii
Ut merdas edatis, qui scripseras sopionis- You who have drawn pictures of penises, eat shit!
Declension
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Third-declension noun.
References
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- “sopio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “sopio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- sopio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- S. A. Handford & Mary Herberg (2003), Latin-English : English-Latin Dictionary (Berlin: Langenscheidt)
- sopio in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication