tonus
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin tonus (“strain, tension”). Doublet of tone.
Noun edit
tonus (countable and uncountable, plural tonuses)
- (biology) tonicity; tone
- muscular tonus
- 1956, Personal character and cultural milieu: a collection of readings:
- Dr. H. S. Sullivan, for example, is known to many for his acute understanding of the postural tonuses of his patients.
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “tonus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)
Anagrams edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tonus
Declension edit
Inflection of tonus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | tonus | tonukset | ||
genitive | tonuksen | tonusten tonuksien | ||
partitive | tonusta | tonuksia | ||
illative | tonukseen | tonuksiin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | tonus | tonukset | ||
accusative | nom. | tonus | tonukset | |
gen. | tonuksen | |||
genitive | tonuksen | tonusten tonuksien | ||
partitive | tonusta | tonuksia | ||
inessive | tonuksessa | tonuksissa | ||
elative | tonuksesta | tonuksista | ||
illative | tonukseen | tonuksiin | ||
adessive | tonuksella | tonuksilla | ||
ablative | tonukselta | tonuksilta | ||
allative | tonukselle | tonuksille | ||
essive | tonuksena | tonuksina | ||
translative | tonukseksi | tonuksiksi | ||
abessive | tonuksetta | tonuksitta | ||
instructive | — | tonuksin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
French edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin tonus. Doublet of ton, an earlier borrowing.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tonus m (plural tonus)
- muscle tone, tonicity, tonus
- (by extension) energy, strength
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “tonus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos, “tone”), from Proto-Hellenic *tónos, from Proto-Indo-European *tón-os, from *ten- (“stretch”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈto.nus/, [ˈt̪ɔnʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈto.nus/, [ˈt̪ɔːnus]
Noun edit
tonus m (genitive tonī); second declension
- The stretching or straining of a rope.
- (by extension) A strain; tension.
- (figuratively) The pitch, sound or tone of something.
- (figuratively) A crack of thunder.
Declension edit
Second-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | tonus | tonī |
Genitive | tonī | tonōrum |
Dative | tonō | tonīs |
Accusative | tonum | tonōs |
Ablative | tonō | tonīs |
Vocative | tone | tonī |
Descendants edit
- Asturian: truenu; → tonu
- Catalan: tro; → to
- Dalmatian: tun
- → Dutch: toon
- → Old French: ton
- → French: ton
- → English: ton
- → French: tonus
- Friulian: ton, tron
- Galician: trono; → ton
- → German: Ton
- Italian: tuono; → tono
- Occitan: tron; → ton
- Portuguese: trom; → tom (semi-learned), tono, tónus
- Romagnol: tràun
- Romanian: tun; → ton
- Romansch: tun, tung
- → Russian: то́нус (tónus), тон (ton)
- Sardinian: tronu
- Sicilian: tronu; → tonu
- Spanish: trueno; → tono
- → English: tone (or through Old French)
- → English: tonus
- → Welsh: tôn
See also edit
References edit
- “tonus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- tonus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- tonus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
tonus n (plural tonusuri)
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) tonus | tonusul | (niște) tonusuri | tonusurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) tonus | tonusului | (unor) tonusuri | tonusurilor |
vocative | tonusule | tonusurilor |