πύρνος
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editThe word is obsolete and without etymology. It was compared with πορύναν (porúnan, “kneaded mass, cake”) and τορύνη (torúnē, “kind of grain”) by Fick, adducing Sanskrit चर्वति (carvati, “to eat, chew”) and चूर्ण (cūrṇa, “dust, powder”) as well. This would lead to the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European *kʷeru-, which requires a pre-form *τερύνα (*terúna) for τορύνη (torúnē). However, this leaves the υ-vowel in πύρνος unexplained. According to Szemerényi, this word is syncopated from πύρινος (púrinos, “made of wheat”), but this is contestable for several reasons. Furnée connects the word with Basque apur (“crumb”); this etymology seems unreliable, but in any case, the word may well be Pre-Greek.
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pýr.nos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpyr.nos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpyr.nos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpyr.nos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpir.nos/
Noun
editπῠ́ρνος • (púrnos) m (genitive πῠ́ρνου); second declension
Inflection
editCase / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ πῠ́ρνος ho púrnos |
τὼ πῠ́ρνω tṑ púrnō |
οἱ πῠ́ρνοι hoi púrnoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ πῠ́ρνου toû púrnou |
τοῖν πῠ́ρνοιν toîn púrnoin |
τῶν πῠ́ρνων tôn púrnōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ πῠ́ρνῳ tôi púrnōi |
τοῖν πῠ́ρνοιν toîn púrnoin |
τοῖς πῠ́ρνοις toîs púrnois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν πῠ́ρνον tòn púrnon |
τὼ πῠ́ρνω tṑ púrnō |
τοὺς πῠ́ρνους toùs púrnous | ||||||||||
Vocative | πῠ́ρνε púrne |
πῠ́ρνω púrnō |
πῠ́ρνοι púrnoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
edit- πυρναῖος (purnaîos)
- πύρνον (púrnon)
- πυρνοτόκος (purnotókos)
Further reading
edit- “πύρνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Hesychius' Lexicon: π
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- grc:Grains