Wiktionary

гад

Belarusian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Ruthenian гадъ (had), from Old East Slavic гадъ (gadŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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гад • (had) m animal (genitive га́да, nominative plural га́ды, genitive plural га́даў)

  1. (dated, zoology) reptile (a cold-blooded vertebrate)
    Synonyms: паўзу́н (paŭzún), рэпты́лія (reptýlija)
    Hyponyms: змяя́ (zmjajá), жа́ба (žába)
    • 1937 [1719], Daniel Defoe, translated by Зяма Раманавіч Півавараў, edited by Janka Maŭr, Жыццё і дзіўныя небывалыя прыгоды Рабінзона Крузо [The life and astonishing adventures of Robinson Crusoe], Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Robinson Crusoe, page 133:
      Гэта быў дзівосны грот з сухой і роўнай падлогай, пакрытай дробным пяском. Нідзе ніякіх адзнак цвілі або вільгаці, нідзе ніводнага сляда брыдкіх насякомых і атрутных гадаў.
      Heta byŭ dzivósny hrot z suxój i róŭnaj padlóhaj, pakrytaj dróbnym pjaskóm. Nidzje nijakix adznak cvili abó vilʹhaci, nidzje nivódnaha sljada brydkix nasjakómyx i atrutnyx hadaŭ.
      [original: The place I was in was a most delightful cavity, or grotto, though perfectly dark; the floor was dry and level, and had a sort of a small loose gravel upon it, so that there was no nauseous or venomous creature to be seen, neither was there any damp or wet on the sides or roof.]
      It was a delightful grotto with a dry and level floor, covered in a sort of a small loose gravel. There were no signs of mold or dampness anywhere, nor any trace of nauseous insects or venomous reptiles.
  2. (literary, mythology) serpent (a snake, especially a large or dangerous one)
    Synonym: цмок (cmok)
    • 1918, Francišak Alachnovič, Bazylišk, Vilnius: Drukarnia M. Kuchty, page 9:
      Toj čeławiek kazaŭ: treba kniazieŭnu ŭziać, wywiaści za mury i prywiazać da drewa niepadalok ad nary, ŭ katoraj had žywie. Tam Bazylišk z jaje ŭsiu wysmakče kroŭ i pojdzie, skul pryjšoŭ za trydcać hor, za trydcać rek!
      That man said: we ought to take the princess, lead her outside the walls and tie her to a tree near the burrow, where the serpent lives. There, the Basilisk will suck all the blood from her and then go beyond thirty mountains and thirty rivers, back to where it came from!
  3. (figuratively, derogatory) creep, repulsive person, vile creature, scoundrel, cad, asshole, bastard (a mean, grovelling, loathsome or repulsive person)
    Synonym: мярзо́тнік (mjarzótnik)
    • 1940 [1882], Mark Twain, translated by Janka Maŭr, Прынц і жабрак, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Prince and the Pauper, page 72:
      У мяне асталося два браты: Артур, старэйшы, душою і характарам у бацьку, і Г’ю, малодшы за мяне, нізкі чалавек, зайздросны, прагны, подлы, вераломны — сапраўдны гад.
      U mjanje astalósja dva braty: Artur, starejšy, dušóju i xaraktaram u bacʹku, i Hʺju, malódšy za mjanje, nizki čalavjek, zajzdrósny, prahny, pódly, vjeralómny — sapraŭdny had.
      [original: I have two brothers: Arthur, my elder, with a soul like to his father's; and Hugh, younger than I, a mean spirit, covetous, treacherous, vicious, underhanded—a reptile.]
      I was left with two brothers: Arthur, my elder, with a soul like to his father's; and Hugh, younger than I, a mean spirit, covetous, treacherous, vicious, underhanded—a real scoundrel.

Declension

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Declension of гад (anml hard masc-form accent-a)
singular plural
nominative гад
had 		га́ды
hády
genitive га́да
háda 		га́даў
hádaŭ
dative га́ду
hádu 		га́дам
hádam
accusative га́да
háda 		га́даў
hádaŭ
instrumental га́дам
hádam 		га́дамі
hádami
locative га́дзе
hádzje 		га́дах
hádax
count form — га́ды1
hády1

1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

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  • Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1985), “гадъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 6 (выостреный – глядати), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 239
  • “гад”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
  • “гад” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Carpathian Rusyn

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Etymology

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From Old East Slavic гадъ (gadŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈhat]
  • Rhymes: -at
  • Syllabification: гад

Noun

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гад • (had)

  1. reptile
  2. snake; lizard
    Бо клевета єст як мітычна лернейска гыдра – гад, котрий мал вельо лебів.
    Bo kleveta jest jak mitŷčna lernejska hŷdra – had, kotryj mal velʹo lebiv.
    Because untruth is like mythological Larnaean Hydra - reptile, that have lots of heads.

Further reading

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Macedonian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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гад • (gad) m (plural гадови, relational adjective гаден)

  1. bastard, scumbag, scum

Declension

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Declension of гад
singular plural
indefinite гад (gad) гадови (gadovi)
definite unspecified гадот (gadot) гадовите (gadovite)
definite proximal гадов (gadov) гадовиве (gadovive)
definite distal гадон (gadon) гадовине (gadovine)
vocative гаду (gadu) гадови (gadovi)
count form — гада (gada)

Pannonian Rusyn

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Slovak had, from Proto-Slavic *gadъ. Cognates include Carpathian Rusyn гад (had) and Slovak had. Alternation of -дз- (-dz-) and -дж- (-dž-) in derived forms may be attributed to the suppletion of variants, later confluence, and ultimately koinëisation of various eastern Old Slovak dialects as spoken by Rusyns.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈɦat]
  • Rhymes: -at
  • Hyphenation: гад

Noun

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гад (had) m anim (diminutive гадзик, feminine equivalent гаджица, augmentative гадзиско, related adjective гадов or гаджи)

  1. snake, serpent, viper

Declension

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Declension of гад
singular plural
nominative гад (had) гади (hadi)
genitive гада (hada) гадох (hadox)
dative гадови (hadovi) гадом (hadom)
accusative гада (hada) гади (hadi)
instrumental гадом (hadom) гадами (hadami)
locative гадови (hadovi) гадох (hadox)
vocative гаду (hadu) гади (hadi)

Derived terms

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adjectives
nouns

References

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Russian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old East Slavic гадъ (gadŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gadъ. Cognates include German Kot.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ɡat]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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гад • (gad) m anim (genitive га́да, nominative plural га́ды, genitive plural га́дов)

  1. reptile or amphibian
  2. (figuratively, derogatory) creep, repulsive person, vile creature, scoundrel, cad, asshole, bastard
    Synonyms: га́дина (gádina), мерза́вец (merzávec), паску́да (paskúda), свинья́ (svinʹjá)

Declension

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Declension of гад (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative га́д
gád 		га́ды
gády
genitive га́да
gáda 		га́дов
gádov
dative га́ду
gádu 		га́дам
gádam
accusative га́да
gáda 		га́дов
gádov
instrumental га́дом
gádom 		га́дами
gádami
prepositional га́де
gáde 		га́дах
gádax
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Descendants

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  • → Karelian:

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Noun

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га̏д m (Latin spelling gȁd)

  1. a repulsive person
  2. scoundrel
  3. cad
  4. asshole
  5. snake; lizard

Declension

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Declension of гад
singular plural
nominative гад гадови
genitive гада гадова
dative гаду гадовима
accusative гада гадове
vocative гаде гадови
locative гаду гадовима
instrumental гадом гадовима

Ukrainian

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Etymology

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From Old East Slavic гадъ (gadŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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гад • (had) m animal (genitive га́да, nominative plural га́ди, genitive plural га́дів)

  1. reptile
  2. (figuratively, derogatory) creep, repulsive person, vile creature, scoundrel, cad, asshole, bastard

Declension

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Declension of гад
(animal hard masc-form accent-a)
singular plural
nominative гад
had 		га́ди
hády
genitive га́да
háda 		га́дів
hádiv
dative га́дові, га́ду
hádovi, hádu 		га́дам
hádam
accusative га́да
háda 		га́ди, га́дів
hády, hádiv
instrumental га́дом
hádom 		га́дами
hádamy
locative га́дові, га́ді
hádovi, hádi 		га́дах
hádax
vocative га́де
háde 		га́ди
hády

Further reading

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