грозя
See also: гроза
Bulgarian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *groziti, а causative-iterative verb of obsolescent гроза́ (grozá, “menace”). The literary meaning is borrowed from Russian грози́ть (grozítʹ, “to threaten”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
грозя́ • (grozjá) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (transitive) to disfigure, to deform, to uglify
- (transitive, literary) to threaten
- to daunt, to menace (to represent a threat to something or somebody)
- (+ dative object) to be in danger, under threat
- някого го грози нещо заплашително ― njakogo go grozi nešto zaplašitelno ― s.o. is in grave danger
- (transitive, dialectal) to despise, to abhor
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of грозя́ (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | грозя́щ grozjášt |
грози́л grozíl |
грозя́л grozjál |
грозе́н grozén |
грозе́йки grozéjki | |
| definite subject form | грозя́щият grozjáštijat |
грози́лият grozílijat |
— | грозе́ният grozénijat | |||
| definite object form | грозя́щия grozjáštija |
грози́лия grozílija |
— | грозе́ния grozénija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | грозя́ща grozjášta |
грози́ла grozíla |
грозя́ла grozjála |
грозе́на grozéna | ||
| definite | грозя́щата grozjáštata |
грози́лата grozílata |
— | грозе́ната grozénata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | грозя́що grozjášto |
грози́ло grozílo |
грозя́ло grozjálo |
грозе́но grozéno |
грозе́не grozéne | |
| definite | грозя́щото grozjáštoto |
грози́лото grozíloto |
— | грозе́ното grozénoto |
грозе́нето grozéneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | грозя́щи grozjášti |
грози́ли grozíli |
грозе́ли grozéli |
грозе́ни grozéni |
грозе́ния, грозе́нета grozénija, grozéneta | |
| definite | грозя́щите grozjáštite |
грози́лите grozílite |
— | грозе́ните grozénite |
грозе́нията, грозе́нетата grozénijata, grozénetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | грозя́ grozjá |
грози́ш grozíš |
грози́ grozí |
грози́м grozím |
грози́те grozíte |
грозя́т grozját | |
| imperfect | грозя́х grozjáh |
грозе́ше grozéše |
грозе́ше grozéše |
грозя́хме grozjáhme |
грозя́хте grozjáhte |
грозя́ха grozjáha | |
| aorist | грози́х grozíh |
грози́ grozí |
грози́ grozí |
грози́хме grozíhme |
грози́хте grozíhte |
грози́ха grozíha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and грозя́л m, грозя́ла f, грозя́ло n, or грозе́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and грозя́л m, грозя́ла f, грозя́ло n, or грозе́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and грозя́л m, грозя́ла f, грозя́ло n, or грозе́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and грози́л m, грози́ла f, грози́ло n, or грози́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| грози́ grozí |
грозе́те grozéte |
||||||
Derived terms edit
- вгрозя pf (vgrozja), вгрозявам impf (vgrozjavam)
- загрозя pf (zagrozja), загрозявам impf (zagrozjavam)
- нагрозя pf (nagrozja), нагрозявам impf (nagrozjavam)
- огрозя pf (ogrozja), огрозявам impf (ogrozjavam)
- погрозя pf (pogrozja), погрозявам impf (pogrozjavam)
- гро́зен (grózen, “ugly”)
- грозне́я (groznéja, “to be ugly”) (stative verb)
Related terms edit
- грозота́ (grozotá, “ugliness”) (abstract noun)
References edit
- “грозя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “грозя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1895) “грозѭ́, -и́шь; -зи́лъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 248
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “грозя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 284
Russian edit
Pronunciation edit
Participle edit
грозя́ • (grozjá)
- present adverbial imperfective participle of грози́ть (grozítʹ)