гроза

See also: грозя

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *groza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡroˈza]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

гроза́ • (grozá) f (relational adjective гро́зен or гро́зав) (obsolescent, uncountable)

1. menace, revulsion, disgust

Usage notes

Predominantly used in fossilized expressions such as:

• някому му е гроза ― njakomu mu e groza ― to appear dreadful, unpleasant [in the eyes of] s.o.
• някому му иде гроза ― njakomu mu ide groza ― to be disgusted, repulsed (literally, “revulsion is coming to s.o.”)

Declension

Declension of гроза́

	singular
indefinite	гроза́ grozá
definite	гроза́та grozáta

Derived terms

• грозя́ (grozjá, “to uglify”) (causative-iterative)
• грозувам (grozuvam) (dialectal), грознея (grozneja) (stative)

References

• “гроза”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Nayden Gerov (1895) “гроза́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 248
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гроза”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 283
• “гроза”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *groza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡrɔza]
• Rhymes: -ɔza

Noun

гроза • (groza) f (relational adjective грозен)

1. dread, horror, terror

Declension

Declension of гроза

	singular
indefinite	гроза
definite unspecified	грозата
definite proximal	грозава
definite distal	грозана
vocative	грозо

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *groza.

Noun

гроза • (groza) f

1. horror

Declension

Declension of гроза (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	гроза groza	грозѣ grozě	грозꙑ grozy
genitive	грозꙑ grozy	грозоу grozu	грозъ grozŭ
dative	грозѣ grozě	грозама grozama	грозамъ grozamŭ
accusative	грозѫ grozǫ	грозѣ grozě	грозꙑ grozy
instrumental	грозоѭ grozojǫ	грозама grozama	грозами grozami
locative	грозѣ grozě	грозоу grozu	грозахъ grozaxŭ
vocative	грозо grozo	грозѣ grozě	грозꙑ grozy

References

• “гроза”, in GORAZD (overall work in Czech, English, and Russian), http://gorazd.org, 2016—2024

Old East Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *grozà.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡrɔˈzɑ/→/ɡrɔˈza/→/ɡrɔˈza/

• (ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /ɡrɔˈzɑ/
• (ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /ɡrɔˈza/
• (ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /ɡrɔˈza/

• Hyphenation: гро‧за́

Noun

гроза (groza) f

1. horror

Declension

Declension of гроза (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	гроза groza	грозѣ grozě	грозꙑ grozy
Genitive	грозꙑ grozy	грозу grozu	грозъ grozŭ
Dative	грозѣ grozě	грозама grozama	грозамъ grozamŭ
Accusative	грозѫ grozǫ	грозѣ grozě	грозꙑ grozy
Instrumental	грозоѭ grozojǫ	грозама grozama	грозами grozami
Locative	грозѣ grozě	грозу grozu	грозахъ grozaxŭ
Vocative	грозо grozo	грозѣ grozě	грозꙑ grozy

Descendants

• Belarusian: граза́ (hrazá)
• Russian: гроза́ (grozá)
• Ukrainian: гроза́ (hrozá)

Further reading

• Zaliznyak, Andrey A. (2019) “гроза́”, in Древнерусское ударение: Общие сведения и словарь [Old East Slavic accent: General Information and Dictionary] (in Russian), 2nd, expanded and revised edition, Moscow: Publishing House “YASK”, →DOI, →ISBN, page 179

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic гроза (groza, “horror”), from Proto-Slavic *groza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡrɐˈza]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

гроза́ • (grozá) f inan (genitive грозы́, nominative plural гро́зы, genitive plural гроз, relational adjective грозово́й)

1. thunder, thunderstorm
2. disaster
3. danger, menace
4. terror

Declension

Declension of гроза́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	гроза́ grozá	гро́зы grózy
genitive	грозы́ grozý	гро́з gróz
dative	грозе́ grozé	гро́зам grózam
accusative	грозу́ grozú	гро́зы grózy
instrumental	грозо́й, грозо́ю grozój, grozóju	гро́зами grózami
prepositional	грозе́ grozé	гро́зах grózax

Pre-reform declension of гроза́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	гроза́ grozá	гро́зы grózy
genitive	грозы́ grozý	гро́зъ gróz
dative	грозѣ́ grozě́	гро́замъ grózam
accusative	грозу́ grozú	гро́зы grózy
instrumental	грозо́й, грозо́ю grozój, grozóju	гро́зами grózami
prepositional	грозѣ́ grozě́	гро́захъ grózax

Related terms

• угро́за (ugróza)
• гро́зный (gróznyj), угрожа́ющий (ugrožájuščij)
• грози́ть (grozítʹ), угрожа́ть (ugrožátʹ)
• гро́зно (grózno)
• грозу́шка (grozúška)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *groza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡrǒːza/
• Hyphenation: гро‧за

Noun

гро́за f (Latin spelling gróza)

1. horror, terror, dread, shiver

Declension

Declension of гроза

	singular	plural
nominative	гроза	грозе
genitive	грозе	гроза
dative	грози	грозама
accusative	грозу	грозе
vocative	грозо	грозе
locative	грози	грозама
instrumental	грозом	грозама

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic гроза (groza, “horror”), from Proto-Slavic *groza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɦrɔˈza]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

гроза́ • (hrozá) f inan (genitive грози́, nominative plural гро́зи, genitive plural гроз)

1. thunder, thunderstorm
2. disaster
3. danger, menace
4. terror

Declension

Declension of гроза́ (inan hard fem-form accent-d)

	singular	plural
nominative	гроза́ hrozá	гро́зи hrózy
genitive	грози́ hrozý	гроз hroz
dative	грозі́ hrozí	гро́зам hrózam
accusative	грозу́ hrozú	гро́зи hrózy
instrumental	грозо́ю hrozóju	гро́зами hrózamy
locative	грозі́ hrozí	гро́зах hrózax
vocative	грозо́ hrozó	гро́зи hrózy

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “гроза”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “гроза”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)