доба

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *doba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdɔbɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

до́ба • (dóba) f

1. (usually uncountable, obsolescent) time

Usage notes

Always preceded by adjective (тъмна, късна etc.) or demonstrative pronoun.

Declension

Declension of до́ба

	singular	plural
indefinite	до́ба dóba	до́би1 dóbi1
definite	до́бата dóbata	до́бите1 dóbite1

¹Rare.

Anagrams

• бода (boda)

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *doba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdɔba]

Noun

доба • (doba) f (uncountable)

1. age
2. time

Declension

Declension of доба

	singular
indefinite	доба
definite unspecified	добата
definite proximal	добава
definite distal	добана
vocative	добо

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *doba (“time”). Cognate with Serbo-Croatian doba/доба and Bulgarian доба (doba).

Noun

доба • (doba) f

1. use, advantage

Declension

Declension of доба (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	доба doba	добѣ době	добꙑ doby
genitive	добꙑ doby	добоу dobu	добъ dobŭ
dative	добѣ době	добама dobama	добамъ dobamŭ
accusative	добѫ dobǫ	добѣ době	добꙑ doby
instrumental	добоѭ dobojǫ	добама dobama	добами dobami
locative	добѣ době	добоу dobu	добахъ dobaxŭ
vocative	добо dobo	добѣ době	добꙑ doby

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “доба”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• “доба”, in GORAZD (overall work in Czech, English, and Russian), http://gorazd.org, 2016—2024

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *doba (“time”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dôːba/
• Hyphenation: до‧ба

Noun

до̑ба n (Latin spelling dȏba)

1. time
2. age, epoch, era

Declension

Declension of доба

	singular	plural
nominative	доба	доба
genitive	доба	доба
dative	добу	добима
accusative	доба	доба
vocative	доба	доба
locative	добу	добима
instrumental	добом	добима

Further reading

• “доба”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
• “доба”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian доба (doba, “time, period”), from Proto-Slavic *doba (“time”). Considering that sense 1 (day, nychthemeron) was absent in Old Ruthenian, it is likely a semantic loan from Polish doba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dɔˈba]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

доба́ • (dobá) f inan (genitive доби́, nominative plural до́би, genitive plural діб, relational adjective добови́й)

1. day, nychthemeron, day and night
2. (colloquial) time

   Synonyms: пора́ (porá), час (čas), годи́на (hodýna), вре́м'я (vrémʺja)

3. epoch, era, period, age

Declension

Declension of доба́ (inan hard fem-form accent-d)

	singular	plural
nominative	доба́ dobá	до́би dóby
genitive	доби́ dobý	діб dib
dative	добі́ dobí	до́бам dóbam
accusative	добу́ dobú	до́би dóby
instrumental	добо́ю dobóju	до́бами dóbamy
locative	добі́ dobí	до́бах dóbax
vocative	до́бо dóbo	до́би dóby

Derived terms

• діб m (dib)
• здіб m (zdib)
• здо́ба f (zdóba)
• на́доба f (nádoba)
• невдо́б'я n (nevdóbʺja)
• невдо́ба f (nevdóba)
• поді́б'я n (podíbʺja)
• подо́ба f (podóba)
• придо́ба f (prydóba)

 

Related terms

• дебе́лий (debélyj)
• до́бий (dóbyj)
• до́блесть f (dóblestʹ)
• до́брий (dóbryj)

 

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “доба”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “доба”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “доба”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “доба”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “доба”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
• “доба”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “доба”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)