драскам

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *draskati. By surface analysis, дра́пам (drápam, “to scrape”) +‎ -скам (-skam).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdraskɐm]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

дра́скам • (dráskam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective дра́сна)

1. (intransitive) to scribble, to scrawl
2. (transitive) to score, to scratch (with claws, nails)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of дра́скам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	дра́скащ dráskašt	дра́скал, драска́л1 dráskal, draskál1	дра́скал dráskal	—		дра́скайки dráskajki
	definite subject form	дра́скащият dráskaštijat	дра́скалият, драска́лият1 dráskalijat, draskálijat1	—	—
	definite object form	дра́скащия dráskaštija	дра́скалия, драска́лия1 dráskalija, draskálija1	—	—
feminine	indefinite	дра́скаща dráskašta	дра́скала, драска́ла1 dráskala, draskála1	дра́скала dráskala	—
	definite	дра́скащата dráskaštata	дра́скалата, драска́лата1 dráskalata, draskálata1	—	—
neuter	indefinite	дра́скащо dráskašto	дра́скало, драска́ло1 dráskalo, draskálo1	дра́скало dráskalo	—	дра́скане dráskane
	definite	дра́скащото dráskaštoto	дра́скалото, драска́лото1 dráskaloto, draskáloto1	—	—	дра́скането dráskaneto
plural	indefinite	дра́скащи dráskašti	дра́скали, драска́ли1 dráskali, draskáli1	дра́скали dráskali	—	дра́скания, дра́сканета dráskanija, dráskaneta
	definite	дра́скащите dráskaštite	дра́скалите, драска́лите1 dráskalite, draskálite1	—	—	дра́сканията, дра́сканетата dráskanijata, dráskanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		дра́скам dráskam	дра́скаш dráskaš	дра́ска dráska	дра́скаме dráskame	дра́скате dráskate	дра́скат dráskat
imperfect		дра́сках dráskah	дра́скаше dráskaše	дра́скаше dráskaše	дра́скахме dráskahme	дра́скахте dráskahte	дра́скаха dráskaha
aorist		дра́сках, драска́х1 dráskah, draskáh1	дра́ска, драска́1 dráska, draská1	дра́ска, драска́1 dráska, draská1	дра́скахме, драска́хме1 dráskahme, draskáhme1	дра́скахте, драска́хте1 dráskahte, draskáhte1	дра́скаха, драска́ха1 dráskaha, draskáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and дра́скал m, дра́скала f, дра́скало n, or дра́скали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал m, дра́скала f, дра́скало n, or дра́скали pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and дра́скал m, дра́скала f, дра́скало n, or дра́скали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			дра́скай dráskaj			дра́скайте dráskajte

¹Dialectally marked.

    Conjugation of дра́скам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	дра́скащ dráskašt	дра́скал, драска́л1 dráskal, draskál1	дра́скал dráskal	дра́скан dráskan		дра́скайки dráskajki
	definite subject form	дра́скащият dráskaštijat	дра́скалият, драска́лият1 dráskalijat, draskálijat1	—	дра́сканият dráskanijat
	definite object form	дра́скащия dráskaštija	дра́скалия, драска́лия1 dráskalija, draskálija1	—	дра́скания dráskanija
feminine	indefinite	дра́скаща dráskašta	дра́скала, драска́ла1 dráskala, draskála1	дра́скала dráskala	дра́скана dráskana
	definite	дра́скащата dráskaštata	дра́скалата, драска́лата1 dráskalata, draskálata1	—	дра́сканата dráskanata
neuter	indefinite	дра́скащо dráskašto	дра́скало, драска́ло1 dráskalo, draskálo1	дра́скало dráskalo	дра́скано dráskano	дра́скане dráskane
	definite	дра́скащото dráskaštoto	дра́скалото, драска́лото1 dráskaloto, draskáloto1	—	дра́сканото dráskanoto	дра́скането dráskaneto
plural	indefinite	дра́скащи dráskašti	дра́скали, драска́ли1 dráskali, draskáli1	дра́скали dráskali	дра́скани dráskani	дра́скания, дра́сканета dráskanija, dráskaneta
	definite	дра́скащите dráskaštite	дра́скалите, драска́лите1 dráskalite, draskálite1	—	дра́сканите dráskanite	дра́сканията, дра́сканетата dráskanijata, dráskanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		дра́скам dráskam	дра́скаш dráskaš	дра́ска dráska	дра́скаме dráskame	дра́скате dráskate	дра́скат dráskat
imperfect		дра́сках dráskah	дра́скаше dráskaše	дра́скаше dráskaše	дра́скахме dráskahme	дра́скахте dráskahte	дра́скаха dráskaha
aorist		дра́сках, драска́х1 dráskah, draskáh1	дра́ска, драска́1 dráska, draská1	дра́ска, драска́1 dráska, draská1	дра́скахме, драска́хме1 dráskahme, draskáhme1	дра́скахте, драска́хте1 dráskahte, draskáhte1	дра́скаха, драска́ха1 dráskaha, draskáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and дра́скал m, дра́скала f, дра́скало n, or дра́скали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал m, дра́скала f, дра́скало n, or дра́скали pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and дра́скал m, дра́скала f, дра́скало n, or дра́скали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and дра́скал/драска́л1 m, дра́скала/драска́ла1 f, дра́скало/драска́ло1 n, or дра́скали/драска́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			дра́скай dráskaj			дра́скайте dráskajte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• дра́свам (drásvam) (semelfactive)
• дра́щя (dráštja) (causative-iterative)
• задраскам pf (zadraskam), задрасквам impf (zadraskvam, “to scratch off”)
• издраскам pf (izdraskam), издрасквам impf (izdraskvam)
• надраскам pf (nadraskam), надрасквам impf (nadraskvam)
• одраскам pf (odraskam), одрасквам impf (odraskvam)
• раздраскам pf (razdraskam), раздрасквам impf (razdraskvam)
• драскоти́на (draskotína, “scar”)
• драска́ч (draskáč), драска́р (draskár) (agent nouns)

References

• “драскам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “драскам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010