икам

Bulgarian

Etymology

Of expressive origin, from ик (ik, “hic”) (onomatopoeia), и-и-и (i-i-i) (interjection) +‎ -кам (-kam).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈikɐm]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

и́кам • (íkam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective и́кна)

1. (intransitive, colloquial) to repeatedly pronounce or yell a high-pitch interjection (similar to ew!, ick!)
2. (intransitive, dialectal) to hiccup

   Synonym: хъ́лцам (hǎ́lcam)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of и́кам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	и́кащ íkašt	и́кал, ика́л1 íkal, ikál1	и́кал íkal	и́кан íkan		и́кайки íkajki
	definite subject form	и́кащият íkaštijat	и́калият, ика́лият1 íkalijat, ikálijat1	—	и́каният íkanijat
	definite object form	и́кащия íkaštija	и́калия, ика́лия1 íkalija, ikálija1	—	и́кания íkanija
feminine	indefinite	и́каща íkašta	и́кала, ика́ла1 íkala, ikála1	и́кала íkala	и́кана íkana
	definite	и́кащата íkaštata	и́калата, ика́лата1 íkalata, ikálata1	—	и́каната íkanata
neuter	indefinite	и́кащо íkašto	и́кало, ика́ло1 íkalo, ikálo1	и́кало íkalo	и́кано íkano	и́кане íkane
	definite	и́кащото íkaštoto	и́калото, ика́лото1 íkaloto, ikáloto1	—	и́каното íkanoto	и́кането íkaneto
plural	indefinite	и́кащи íkašti	и́кали, ика́ли1 íkali, ikáli1	и́кали íkali	и́кани íkani	и́кания, и́канета íkanija, íkaneta
	definite	и́кащите íkaštite	и́калите, ика́лите1 íkalite, ikálite1	—	и́каните íkanite	и́канията, и́канетата íkanijata, íkanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		и́кам íkam	и́каш íkaš	и́ка íka	и́каме íkame	и́кате íkate	и́кат íkat
imperfect		и́ках íkah	и́каше íkaše	и́каше íkaše	и́кахме íkahme	и́кахте íkahte	и́каха íkaha
aorist		и́ках, ика́х1 íkah, ikáh1	и́ка, ика́1 íka, iká1	и́ка, ика́1 íka, iká1	и́кахме, ика́хме1 íkahme, ikáhme1	и́кахте, ика́хте1 íkahte, ikáhte1	и́каха, ика́ха1 íkaha, ikáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́кал m, и́кала f, и́кало n, or и́кали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́кал m, и́кала f, и́кало n, or и́кали pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́кал m, и́кала f, и́кало n, or и́кали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and и́кал/ика́л1 m, и́кала/ика́ла1 f, и́кало/ика́ло1 n, or и́кали/ика́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			и́кай íkaj			и́кайте íkajte

¹Dialectally marked.

Coordinate terms

• е́кам (ékam)
• я́кам (jákam)
• а́кам (ákam)
• у́кам (úkam)
• о́кам (ókam, “to shout”) (dialectal)

References

• “икам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Nayden Gerov (1897) “и́камь”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 325

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈikam]

Verb

икам • (ikam)

1. first-person singular present of ика (ika)