пеперуда
Bulgarian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Slavic *perperǫda, *perperǫga, *perperuxa, *perperica, of disputed origin:
- Mladenov: Derived via reduplication from Proto-Slavic *perti, *pьrati (“to fly, to propagate”) or *pero (“feather”).
- Meyer: Wanderword, akin to Latin papīlio (“butterfly”), Romanian paparugă (“ladybug”), Italian parpaglione (“butterfly”), possibly of onomatopoeic nature.
- Ultimately derived from Proto-Kartvelian *p̣erp̣er- (“butterfly”).
The ending has been compared to the suffix of Greek πεταλούδα (petaloúda, “butterfly”), itself of unclear origin.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editпеперу́да • (peperúda) f (relational adjective пеперу́ден, diminutive пеперу́дка)
- butterfly (daytime lepidopterous insect of superfamily Papilionoidea)
- (by extension) type of embroidery ornament
- (figuratively) fly-by-night
- (regional) flower of family Iridaceae
- (folklore) Perperuna (custom for evoking rain, common throughout the Balkans)
Usage notes
editThe relation between the meaning “butterfly” and the name of the folk custom is uncertain. The later is sometimes associated with the pagan Slavic deity Perun, which may or may not be etymologically related.
Declension
editDeclension of пеперу́да
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
indefinite | пеперу́да peperúda |
пеперу́ди peperúdi |
definite | пеперу́дата peperúdata |
пеперу́дите peperúdite |
vocative form | пеперу́до peperúdo |
пеперу́ди peperúdi |
Alternative forms
edit- преперу́да (preperúda), пемперу́да (pemperúda) (dialectal)
- пеперу́га (peperúga), преперу́га (preperúga), пепелю́га (pepeljúga) (with suffixes -уга, -юга)
- пеперу́ха (peperúha), пеперу́ша (peperúša) (with suffixes -уха, -уша)
- пеперу́на (peperúna) (with suffix -уна)
Coordinate terms
editDerived terms
edit- но́щна пеперу́да f (nóštna peperúda, “moth”) (literally: nocturnal butterfly)
Related terms
edit- перо́ (peró, “feather”)
- перуни́ка (peruníka), перуни́га (peruníga, “iris”) (flower)
- пря́пор (prjápor), пря́порец (prjáporec, “banner”) (poetic)
- по́ра (póra, “age, time interval”) (dialectal)
References
edit- “пеперуда”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “пеперуда”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пеперуда¹ (насекомо), пеперуда² (обичай)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 161
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “пеперу́га, пеперу́да”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 23