раковина

Bulgarian

Etymology

Formed from ра́ка (ráka, “old-style casket, chest”) (historical, outdated) +‎ -овина (-ovina). At least the secondary meaning cavity, flaw (if not the word itself) is borrowed from Russian ра́ковина (rákovina).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrakovinɐ]
• IPA^(key): [rɐkoˈvinɐ]

Noun

ра́ковина or ракови́на • (rákovina or rakovína) f

1. shell (exoskeleton of mollusca, typically snails, rapana, mussels)

   Synonym: черу́пка (čerúpka)

2. (material science) blister, cavity, blowhole, flaw (formed during the solidification of a melted material, e.g. metal, concrete)

Declension

Declension of ра́ковина, ракови́на

	singular	plural
indefinite	ра́ковина, ракови́на rákovina, rakovína	ра́ковини, ракови́ни rákovini, rakovíni
definite	ра́ковината, ракови́ната rákovinata, rakovínata	ра́ковините, ракови́ните rákovinite, rakovínite

Related terms

• ра́кла (rákla, “coffer, chest”)

References

• “раковина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “раковина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Russian

раковина

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic раковина (rakovina, “mother of pearl”). Per Vasmer, from Proto-Slavic *orky (“shell”) (genitive *orkъve) + *-ina, from Proto-Germanic *arkō (“chest, coffer”), from Latin arca (“chest, coffer, coffin”). Cognate with ра́ка (ráka, “shrine of a saint, originally coffin”), from the same Latin source, and with Slovene rákəv (“coffin, crypt”), Czech rakev (“coffin”), rakvice (“shell”), Slovak rakev (“box”), Polabian rakåí (“box”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrakəvʲɪnə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ра́ковина • (rákovina) f inan (genitive ра́ковины, nominative plural ра́ковины, genitive plural ра́ковин, diminutive раку́шка or ра́кушка)

1. shell (hard calcareous external covering of mollusks)
2. (anatomy) pinna, auricle, helix (the external ear)
3. sink, washbowl, basin, bowl
4. vesicle
5. bandstand
6. (metallurgy) blister, cavity, bubble, flaw, blowhole

Declension

Declension of ра́ковина (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ра́ковина rákovina	ра́ковины rákoviny
genitive	ра́ковины rákoviny	ра́ковин rákovin
dative	ра́ковине rákovine	ра́ковинам rákovinam
accusative	ра́ковину rákovinu	ра́ковины rákoviny
instrumental	ра́ковиной, ра́ковиною rákovinoj, rákovinoju	ра́ковинами rákovinami
prepositional	ра́ковине rákovine	ра́ковинах rákovinax

Synonyms

• раку́шка (rakúška)
• умыва́льник (umyválʹnik)
• каверна (kaverna)

Related terms

• раковинка (rakovinka)
• ракушечник (rakušečnik)

Descendants

• → Uzbek: rakovina