ירד
Hebrew edit
Root |
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י־ר־ד (y-r-d) |
Etymology edit
From Proto-Semitic *warad-. Cognate to Ugaritic 𐎊𐎗𐎄 (yrd, “to go down”), Arabic وَرَدَ (warada, “to come, to arrive”), Ge'ez ወረደ (wärädä, “to descend”) and Akkadian 𒉿𒊏𒁺𒌝 (warādum, “to go down to lower ground, to come ashore, to go downhill or downstream”).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
יָרַד • (yarád) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction, infinitive לָרֶדֶת)
- To go down, descend.
- רונה קינן, הסולם
- אבא שלך טיפס על סולם...ושכח איך לָרֶדֶת
- Your father climbed the ladder... and forgot how to get down.
- יורד גשם. ― yoréd géshem. ― It is raining. [literally, Rain is descending.]
- רונה קינן, הסולם
- To go down, decline, decrease.
- (somewhat derogatory) To emigrate from Israel, or (humorous) from another country.
- (colloquial) To criticize, lambaste, roast; construed with the preposition על (al, “on”).
- To get out of a vehicle.
- (colloquial, vulgar) To give fellatio or cunnilingus; construed with the preposition ל- (le-, “to”).
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of יָרַד (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms | |||||
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finite forms | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||
past | first | יָרַדְתִּי | יָרַדְנוּ | ||
second | יָרַדְתָּ | יָרַדְתְּ | יְרַדְתֶּם1 | יְרַדְתֶּן1 | |
third | יָרַד | יָרְדָה | יָרְדוּ | ||
present | יוֹרֵד | יוֹרֶדֶת | יוֹרְדִים | יוֹרְדוֹת | |
future | first | אֵרֵד | נֵרֵד | ||
second | תֵּרֵד | תֵּרְדִי | תֵּרְדוּ | תֵּרֵדְנָה2 | |
third | יֵרֵד | תֵּרֵד | יֵרְדוּ | תֵּרֵדְנָה2 | |
imperative | רֵד | רְדִי | רְדוּ | רֵדְנָה2 | |
notes |
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Antonyms edit
- (antonym(s) of “descend”): עלה (alá, “go up, ascend”)
- (antonym(s) of “decrease”): עלה (alá, “go up, increase”)
- (antonym(s) of “emigrate from Israel”): עלה (alá, “to make aliyah”)
Derived terms edit
- יָרַד גֶּשֶׁם (yarád geshém)
- כפת הירד