ירד

Hebrew

Root
י־ר־ד (y-r-d)

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *warad-. Cognate to Ugaritic 𐎊𐎗𐎄 (yrd, “to go down”), Arabic وَرَدَ (warada, “to come, to arrive”), Ge'ez ወረደ (wärädä, “to descend”) and Akkadian 𒉿𒊏𒁺𒌝 (warādum, “to go down to lower ground, to come ashore, to go downhill or downstream”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

יָרַד • (yarád) (pa'al construction, infinitive לָרֶדֶת)

1. To go down, descend.
   • רונה קינן, הסולם

     אבא שלך טיפס על סולם...ושכח איך לָרֶדֶת

     Your father climbed the ladder... and forgot how to get down.

   יורד גשם. ― yoréd géshem. ― It is raining. [literally, Rain is descending.]

2. To go down, decline, decrease.
3. (somewhat derogatory) To emigrate from Israel, or (humorous) from another country.
4. (colloquial) To criticize, lambaste, roast; construed with the preposition על (al, “on”).
5. To get out of a vehicle.
6. (colloquial, vulgar) To give fellatio or cunnilingus; construed with the preposition ל- (le-, “to”).

Conjugation

Conjugation of יָרַד (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לָרֶדֶת action noun: יְרִידָה passive participle: יָרוּד
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	יָרַדְתִּי		יָרַדְנוּ
	second	יָרַדְתָּ	יָרַדְתְּ	יְרַדְתֶּם1	יְרַדְתֶּן1
	third	יָרַד	יָרְדָה	יָרְדוּ
present		יוֹרֵד	יוֹרֶדֶת	יוֹרְדִים	יוֹרְדוֹת
future	first	אֵרֵד		נֵרֵד
	second	תֵּרֵד	תֵּרְדִי	תֵּרְדוּ	תֵּרֵדְנָה2
	third	יֵרֵד	תֵּרֵד	יֵרְדוּ	תֵּרֵדְנָה2
imperative		רֵד	רְדִי	רְדוּ	רֵדְנָה2
notes		Pronounced יָרַדְתֶּם and יָרַדְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “descend”): עלה (alá, “go up, ascend”)
• (antonym(s) of “decrease”): עלה (alá, “go up, increase”)
• (antonym(s) of “emigrate from Israel”): עלה (alá, “to make aliyah”)

Derived terms

• יָרַד גֶּשֶׁם (yarád geshém)
• כפת הירד

Anagrams

• דיר