Wiktionary

Israel

See also: israel, Ísrael, Israèl, İsrael, and Israël

EnglishEdit

 
Flag of the State of Israel
 
Location map of the State of Israel, with disputed territories shown in light green

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English Israel, from Old English, borrowed from Latin Israel, from Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל‎ (yisra'él, “Israel”).[1][2] In the Bible, it is said to be from the name יִשְׂרֶה אֵל‎ (yisré 'él) given to Jacob in Genesis 32:29, after which his descendants came to be known as Israelites and their land as the "kingdom/land of Israel". The personal name, already attested in Eblaite 𒅖𒊏𒅋 (iš-ra-il) and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎌𐎗𐎛𐎍 (yšrỉl),[3] has been variously translated as "he wrestles with God", "he prevails with God",[4] or "God rules" (possibly from the same root ש־ר־ה‎/ש־ר־ר‎ as שָׂרָה‎ (“Sarah”)).[5]

Line 27 of the Merneptah Stele (from about 1200 B.C.E.) is thought to contain the earliest attestation of the name Israel in any language, Egyptian ysrjꜣr.

iiz
Z1s Z1s
r		 iAr
Z1 T14		 A1 B1
Z2

Doublet of Yisroel.

PronunciationEdit

  • enPR: ĭzʹrā-əl, ĭzʹrē-əl; IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.əl/, /ˈɪz.ɹi.əl/
    (formal and posh RP) enPR: ĭzʹrā-ĕl; IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹeɪ.ɛl/
    (in singing, also) enPR: ĭzʹrī-ĕl; IPA(key): /ˈɪz.ɹaɪ.ɛl/
  • Audio (US)(file)

Proper nounEdit

Israel (plural Israels)

  2. The State of Israel, a modern country in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean.
  3. The Land of Israel, the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people, a region that is roughly coextensive with the State of Israel.
  4. (historical) An ancient kingdom that occupied roughly the same area in ancient times.
  5. (historical) An ancient kingdom that occupied the northern part of this area, as distinct from Judah.
  6. The Jews, taken collectively.
  7. A male given name from Hebrew, notably borne by Jacob (after Genesis 32:28).
  8. A surname.

Usage notesEdit

  • (region): The use of Israel to refer to the region between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea has been, since the latter half of the 20th century, sometimes seen as politically or emotionally charged; indeed, this is true of all terms for this region.

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ “Israel”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
  2. ^ “Israel”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
  3. ^ Michael G. Hasel, Domination and Resistance: Egyptian Military Activity in the Southern Levant (Brill, 1998)
  4. ^ James P. Boyd, Bible dictionary (Ottenheimer Publishers, 1958)
  5. ^ Victor P. Hamilton, The Book of Genesis: Chapters 18–50 (NICOT, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995)

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

AsturianEdit

 
Asturian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ast

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /israˈel/, [iz.raˈel]

Proper nounEdit

Israel m

  1. Israel (the state)

Related termsEdit

CatalanEdit

 
Catalan Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ca

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Israel m

  1. Israel
  2. a male given name, equivalent to English Israel

Related termsEdit

Central Huasteca NahuatlEdit

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. Israel (a country in Asia)

Central NahuatlEdit

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. Israel (a country in Asia)

FinnishEdit

 
Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi

EtymologyEdit

From Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל‎ (yisra'él).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈisrɑel/, [ˈis̠rɑe̞l]
  • Rhymes: -isrɑel
  • Syllabification(key): Is‧ra‧el

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. Israel

DeclensionEdit

Inflection of Israel (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative Israel —
genitive Israelin —
partitive Israelia —
illative Israeliin —
singular plural
nominative Israel —
accusative nom. Israel —
gen. Israelin
genitive Israelin —
partitive Israelia —
inessive Israelissa —
elative Israelista —
illative Israeliin —
adessive Israelilla —
ablative Israelilta —
allative Israelille —
essive Israelina —
translative Israeliksi —
instructive — —
abessive Israelitta —
comitative — —
Possessive forms of Israel (type risti)
possessor singular plural
1st person Israelini Israelimme
2nd person Israelisi Israelinne
3rd person Israelinsa

Derived termsEdit

AnagramsEdit

GermanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Latin Israel, Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl)

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈiːsʁaeːl]
  • IPA(key): [ˈɪsʁaeːl] (less common)
  • Audio(file)
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: Is‧ra‧el

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. (biblical) Israel, another name of the patriarch Jacob
    • 1912, Lutherbibel 1912, 1.Mose 32, 29 (Luther Bible 1912, Genesis 32:29):
      Er sprach: Du sollst nicht mehr Jakob heißen, sondern Israel; denn du hast mit Gott und mit Menschen gekämpft und bist obgelegen.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Proper nounEdit

Israel n (proper noun, genitive Israels or (optionally with an article) Israel)

  1. Israel (a country in Western Asia)

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “Israel” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • “Israel” in Duden online

IbanEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from English Israel.

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. Israel (a country in Asia)

AdjectiveEdit

Israel

  1. Israeli

IndonesianEdit

 
Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch Israël, from Middle Dutch israel, from Old Dutch israel, from Latin Isrāēl, from Ancient Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל‎. Doublet of Israil.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ɪsˈrael]
  • Hyphenation: Is‧ra‧él

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. Israel:
    2. The State of Israel, a modern country in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean.
    3. The Land of Israel, a region that is roughly coextensive with the State of Israel.
    4. (historical) An ancient kingdom that occupied roughly the same area in ancient times.
    5. (historical) An ancient kingdom that occupied the northern part of this area, as distinct from Judah.
    6. The Jews, taken collectively.
      Synonym: Yahudi

Further readingEdit

InterlinguaEdit

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. (all senses) Israel

LatinEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Koine Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל‎ (Yiśrāʾēl). The spelling Istrāhēl, from Ἰστραήλ (Istraḗl), was predominant until the dissemination of Jerome’s Vulgate (5th century CE), which popularized Isrāhēl. The h was gradually lost thereafter.[1]

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Isrāēl m sg (variously declined, genitive Isrāēl or Isrāēlis); indeclinable, third declension

  1. (Late Latin) Israel, another name of the patriarch Jacob
    • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis 32:28:
      At ille: Nequaquam, inquit, Iacob appellabitur nomen tuum, sed Israhel: quoniam si contra Deum fortis fuisti quanto magis contra homines praevalebis.
  2. (New Latin) Israel, a country in the Middle East

DeclensionEdit

Indeclinable noun or third-declension noun, singular only.

Case Singular
Nominative Isrāēl
Genitive Isrāēl
Isrāēlis
Dative Isrāēl
Isrāēlī
Accusative Isrāēl
Isrāēlem
Ablative Isrāēl
Isrāēle
Vocative Isrāēl

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Souter, Alexander (1949), “Istrahēl”, in A Glossary of Later Latin to 600 A.D., 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, published 1957, page 222

Norwegian BokmålEdit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. Israel

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

 
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Proper nounEdit

Israel

  1. Israel

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

PlautdietschEdit

NounEdit

Israel n

  1. Israel

PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

Learned borrowing from Latin Israel, from Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל‎ (yisra'él, “Israel”). Displaced Old Galician-Portuguese Irrael.

PronunciationEdit

 

  • Hyphenation: Is‧ra‧el

Proper nounEdit

Israel m

  1. Israel (a historical region in the southern Levant)
  2. Israel (a country in the Middle East, Asia)
  3. a male given name, equivalent to English Israel

Usage notesEdit

Israel is never indicated by an article; see usage notes for Portugal.

Derived termsEdit

RomanianEdit

 
Romanian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ro

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Hebrew ישראל‎.

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

Israel n

  1. Israel

DeclensionEdit

declension of Israel (singular only)
singular
n gender indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) Israel Israelul
genitive/dative (unui) Israel Israelului
vocative Israelule

SpanishEdit

 
Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /israˈel/ [iz.raˈel]
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -el
  • Syllabification: Is‧ra‧el

Proper nounEdit

Israel m

  1. Israel
  2. Jacob
  3. a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Israel

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

AnagramsEdit

SwedishEdit

 
Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Proper nounEdit

Israel n (genitive Israels)

  1. Israel

Related termsEdit

TagalogEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Spanish Israel (“Israel”).

PronunciationEdit

  • Hyphenation: Is‧ra‧el
  • IPA(key): /ʔisɾaˈʔel/, [ʔɪs.ɾɐˈʔel]

Proper nounEdit

Israél

  1. Israel (a country in Western Asia)
  2. (biblical) Israel (a historical region in the southern Levant)

Related termsEdit

WelshEdit

 
Welsh Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cy

Proper nounEdit

Israel f

  1. Israel (a country in Asia)

Derived termsEdit

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
Israel unchanged unchanged Hisrael
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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