افسار
Khalaj
editNoun
editاَفسار (afsâr) (definite accusative اَفسارؽ, plural اَفسارلار)
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | افسار | افسارلار |
genitive | افسارؽݧ | افسارلارؽݧ |
dative | افسارقا | افسارلارقا |
definite accusative | افسارؽ | افسارلارؽ |
locative | افسارچا | افسارلارچا |
ablative | افساردا | افسارلاردا |
instrumental | افسارلا | افسارلارلا |
equative | افساروارا | افسارلاروارا |
Ottoman Turkish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Persian افسار (afsâr).
Noun
editافسار • (efsar)
- halter, a bitless headpiece of rope or straps, placed on the head of horses to lead or tie them
- headstall, the part of a bridle that fits over a horse's head and supports other elements
Descendants
edit- Turkish: efsar
Further reading
edit- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “efsar”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1370
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Capistrum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[2], Vienna, column 147
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “افسار”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[3], Vienna, column 319
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “افسار”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 157
Persian
editAlternative forms
edit- فسار (fasâr)
Etymology
editFrom Middle Persian *afsār, whence borrowed Classical Syriac ܐܲܦܣܵܪܵܐ (ʾap̄sārā), Jewish Literary Aramaic אַפִסָרָא (ʾap̄isārā) and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אַפְסָרָא (ʾap̄sārā), אַפְסִירָא (ʾap̄sīrā). Cognate to Mazanderani اسار (osâr),[1] Central Kurdish هەوسار (hewsar) and Northern Kurdish hevser. Apparently Ancient Greek ψάλιον (psálion, “curb chain”), ψαλόν (psalón, “a kind of bridle”), ψέλιον (psélion, “a kind of anklet worn by the Persians”) are also Iranian borrowings.
See also Arabic إِبْزِيم (ʔibzīm, “clasp”) and Arabic أَبْزَار (ʔabzār), Old Armenian օճառ (ōčaṙ, “harness”) and the terms linked there for possibly the same stem with a different ending.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔa.ˈfsɑːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæ.ˈfsɒːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔä.ˈfsɔɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | afsār |
Dari reading? | afsār |
Iranian reading? | afsâr |
Tajik reading? | afsor |
Noun
editDari | افسار |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | афсор |
افسار • (afsâr)
- curb chain; (loosely) bridle, harness, headstall, curb, rein
- (figurative) curb, restraint, check
- (figurative) reins, discipline
Descendants
edit- Romani: ašvar
- → Azerbaijani: əfsar, ovsar
- → Kazakh: әбзел (äbzel)
- → Khalaj: afsâr
- → Ottoman Turkish: افسار (efsar)
- → Turkmen: owsar
- → Uzbek: ovsar
References
edit- “ˀpsrˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 23 Nr. 97
- Levy, Jacob (1867) Chaldäisches Wörterbuch über die Targumim und einen großen Theil des rabbinischen Schriftthums[5] (in German), Leipzig: Verlag von Baumgärtners Buchhandlung, page 54b
- Müller, Friedrich (1894) “Pahlawi, neupersische und armenische Etymologien”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes (in German), volume 8, page 357
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “افسار”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 82
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “فسار”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 928
- Vullers, Johann August (1855) “افسار”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum[6] (in Latin), volume 1, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 112a
- Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “فَسار”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum[7] (in Latin), volume 2, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 680a
- Khalaj lemmas
- Khalaj nouns
- Khalaj terms in Arabic script
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Persian
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Persian
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Horse tack
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Horse tack