باطن

Arabic

Root
ب ط ن (b ṭ n)
4 terms

Etymology

Derived from the active participle of بَطَنَ (baṭana, “to be hidden, to hide”), from the root ب ط ن (b-ṭ-n); compare بَطْن (baṭn, “stomach, womb, interior”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.tˤin/

Adjective

بَاطِن • (bāṭin) (masculine plural بَوَاطِن (bawāṭin))

1. interior, inner
2. intrinsic
3. secret

Declension

Declension of adjective بَاطِن (bāṭin)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَاطِن bāṭin	الْبَاطِن al-bāṭin	بَاطِنَة bāṭina	الْبَاطِنَة al-bāṭina
Nominative	بَاطِنٌ bāṭinun	الْبَاطِنُ al-bāṭinu	بَاطِنَةٌ bāṭinatun	الْبَاطِنَةُ al-bāṭinatu
Accusative	بَاطِنًا bāṭinan	الْبَاطِنَ al-bāṭina	بَاطِنَةً bāṭinatan	الْبَاطِنَةَ al-bāṭinata
Genitive	بَاطِنٍ bāṭinin	الْبَاطِنِ al-bāṭini	بَاطِنَةٍ bāṭinatin	الْبَاطِنَةِ al-bāṭinati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَاطِنَيْن bāṭinayn	الْبَاطِنَيْن al-bāṭinayn	بَاطِنَتَيْن bāṭinatayn	الْبَاطِنَتَيْن al-bāṭinatayn
Nominative	بَاطِنَانِ bāṭināni	الْبَاطِنَانِ al-bāṭināni	بَاطِنَتَانِ bāṭinatāni	الْبَاطِنَتَانِ al-bāṭinatāni
Accusative	بَاطِنَيْنِ bāṭinayni	الْبَاطِنَيْنِ al-bāṭinayni	بَاطِنَتَيْنِ bāṭinatayni	الْبَاطِنَتَيْنِ al-bāṭinatayni
Genitive	بَاطِنَيْنِ bāṭinayni	الْبَاطِنَيْنِ al-bāṭinayni	بَاطِنَتَيْنِ bāṭinatayni	الْبَاطِنَتَيْنِ al-bāṭinatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural diptote		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَوَاطِن bawāṭin	الْبَوَاطِن al-bawāṭin	بَاطِنَات bāṭināt	الْبَاطِنَات al-bāṭināt
Nominative	بَوَاطِنُ bawāṭinu	الْبَوَاطِنُ al-bawāṭinu	بَاطِنَاتٌ bāṭinātun	الْبَاطِنَاتُ al-bāṭinātu
Accusative	بَوَاطِنَ bawāṭina	الْبَوَاطِنَ al-bawāṭina	بَاطِنَاتٍ bāṭinātin	الْبَاطِنَاتِ al-bāṭināti
Genitive	بَوَاطِنَ bawāṭina	الْبَوَاطِنِ al-bawāṭini	بَاطِنَاتٍ bāṭinātin	الْبَاطِنَاتِ al-bāṭināti

Antonyms

• ظَاهِر (ẓāhir)

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “بطن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَاطِن (bāṭin).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bɑː.tin]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː.t̪ʰɪn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː.t̪ʰɪn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː.t̪ʰɪn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː.t̪ʰin]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː.t̪ʰen]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ.t̪ʰin]

Readings
Classical reading?	bātin
Dari reading?	bātin
Iranian reading?	bâten
Tajik reading?	botin

Dari	باطن
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ботин

Noun

باطن • (bâten)

1. interior, inside
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 369:

     گر بگویی شکر این رستن بگو
     کز بت باطن همت برهاند او

     gar bi-gōyī šukr īn rastan bi-gō
     k-az but-i bātin hamat bi-rahanad ō

     If you speak, speak thanks for this deliverance,
     that he may also deliver you from the idol within.

2. mind, heart
3. conscience
4. secret

References

Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “باطن”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim