بدر

See also: بذر, پدر, تذر, and تدر

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ب د ر (b-d-r). Cognate with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܒܲܕܪܝܼ (badrī)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /badr/

Noun

بَدْر • (badr) m (plural بُدُور (budūr))

1. full moon

Declension

Declension of noun بَدْر (badr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَدْر badr	الْبَدْر al-badr	بَدْر badr
Nominative	بَدْرٌ badrun	الْبَدْرُ al-badru	بَدْرُ badru
Accusative	بَدْرًا badran	الْبَدْرَ al-badra	بَدْرَ badra
Genitive	بَدْرٍ badrin	الْبَدْرِ al-badri	بَدْرِ badri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَدْرَيْن badrayn	الْبَدْرَيْن al-badrayn	بَدْرَيْ badray
Nominative	بَدْرَانِ badrāni	الْبَدْرَانِ al-badrāni	بَدْرَا badrā
Accusative	بَدْرَيْنِ badrayni	الْبَدْرَيْنِ al-badrayni	بَدْرَيْ badray
Genitive	بَدْرَيْنِ badrayni	الْبَدْرَيْنِ al-badrayni	بَدْرَيْ badray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُدُور budūr	الْبُدُور al-budūr	بُدُور budūr
Nominative	بُدُورٌ budūrun	الْبُدُورُ al-budūru	بُدُورُ budūru
Accusative	بُدُورًا budūran	الْبُدُورَ al-budūra	بُدُورَ budūra
Genitive	بُدُورٍ budūrin	الْبُدُورِ al-budūri	بُدُورِ budūri

Descendants

• → Bengali: বদর (bodor)
• → Georgian: ბადრი (badri)
• → Gujarati: બદ્ર (badra)
• → Hindi: बदर (badar)
• → Indonesian: badar
• → Persian: بدر
• → Ottoman Turkish: بدر
  • Turkish: bedir
• → Urdu: بدر

Proper noun

بَدْر • (badr) m

1. a surname
2. a male given name
3. Badr (name of a city 180 km from Medina where an important battle took place)
4. Battle of Badr

Declension

Declension of noun بَدْر (badr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	بَدْر badr	—
Nominative	—	بَدْرٌ badrun	—
Accusative	—	بَدْرًا badran	—
Genitive	—	بَدْرٍ badrin	—

Descendants

• → French: Badr

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian [Term?].

Adverb

بدر • (beder)

1. out of doors; out, forth, away.

   Synonym: طیشاری

References

• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “be-der”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 95
• Redhouse, J. W. (2011). Redhouse Türkçe-Osmanlıca-İngilizce sözlük =: Redhouse Turkish-Ottoman-English dictionary. İstanbul: SEV Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık.

Persian

Etymology 1

From به (be, “in, at”) +‎ در (dar, “door”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ba.ˈðaɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bä.d̪ǽɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bä.d̪ǽɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bä.d̪ǽɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bä.d̪ǽɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [be.d̪ǽɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bä.d̪ǽɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	baḏar
Dari reading?	badar
Iranian reading?	bedar
Tajik reading?	badar

Adverb

بدر • (bedar)

1. (now only in fixed figurative expressions) out of doors, without, outside

Derived terms

• بدر آمدن (bedar âmadan)
• بدر آوردنن (bedar âvordan)
• بدر افتادن (bedar oftâdan)
• بدر بردن (bedar bordan)
• بدر رفتن (bedar raftan)
• بدر کردن (bedar kardan)

 

Descendants

• → Gujarati: બદર (badar)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: बदर (badar)

  Urdu: بَدَر (badar)

• → Ottoman Turkish: بدر (beder)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic بَدْر (badr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [baðɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäd̪ɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäd̪ɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bäd̪ɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bäd̪ɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bæd̪ɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bäd̪ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	baḏr
Dari reading?	badr
Iranian reading?	badr
Tajik reading?	badr

Noun

بدر • (badr)

1. full moon
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3651:

     چون مه نو یا سه روزه یا که بدر
     مرتبه‌‌ی هر یک ملک در نور و قدر

     čōn mah-i naw yā si rōza yā ki badr
     martaba-i har yak malak dar nūr u qadr

     Like the new moon or the moon three days old or the full moon,
     every angel has (a particular) perfection in light and (spiritual) worth.

Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bə.d̪əɾ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian بدر (ba-dar), from به (ba) + در (dar).

Adverb

بدر • (badar) (Hindi spelling बदर)

1. outside, out of doors, without

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian بدر (badr), ultimately from Arabic بَدْر (badr).

Noun

بدر • (badar) m (Hindi spelling बदर)

1. full moon

Declension

Declension of بدر
	singular	plural
direct	بدر (badar)	بدر (badar)
oblique	بدر (badar)	بدروں (badarō̃)
vocative	بدر (badar)	بدرو (badarō)

Etymology 3

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit बदर (badara), Doublet of بیر (ber).

Noun

بدر • (badar) m (Hindi spelling बदर) (rare)

1. the Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) or its fruit
2. the kernel of the fruit of the cotton plant
3. dried ginger

Declension

Declension of بدر
	singular	plural
direct	بدر (badar)	بدر (badar)
oblique	بدر (badar)	بدروں (badarō̃)
vocative	بدر (badar)	بدرو (badarō)

References

• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “بدر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• “بدر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “badar”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.