out
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- oute (obsolete)
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English out, oute, from a combination of Old English ūt (“out”, preposition & adverb), from Proto-Germanic *ūt (“out”); and Old English ūte (“outside; without”, adverb), from Proto-Germanic *ūtai (“out; outside”); both from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“upwards, away”).
Cognate with Scots oot, out (“out”), Saterland Frisian uut, uute (“out”), West Frisian út (“out”), Dutch uit (“out”), German Low German ut (“out”), German aus (“out”), Norwegian/Swedish ut, ute (“out; outside”), Danish ud, ude (“out; outside”).
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: out, IPA(key): /aʊt/
Audio (GA) (file) - (General Australian) IPA(key): /æɔt/, /æʊt/
Audio (AU) (file) - (Canada) IPA(key): /ʌʊt/
Audio (CAN) (file) - (Scotland) IPA(key): /ɘʉt/
- Rhymes: -aʊt
AdverbEdit
out (not comparable)
- Away from the inside, centre or other point of reference.
- The magician tapped the hat, and a rabbit jumped out.
- Once they had landed, the commandos quickly spread out along the beach.
- For six hours the tide flows out, then for six hours it flows in.
- Away from home or one's usual place.
- Let's eat out tonight
- Outside; not indoors.
- Last night we slept out under the stars.
- Away from; at a distance.
- Keep out!
- Into a state of non-operation; into non-existence.
- Switch the lights out.
- Put the fire out.
- I painted out that nasty mark on the wall.
- To the end; completely.
- I haven't finished. Hear me out.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Psalms 4:23:
- Deceitful men shall not live out half their days.
- Used to intensify or emphasize.
- The place was all decked out for the holidays.
- (of the sun, moon, stars, etc.) So as to be visible in the sky, and not covered by clouds, fog, etc.
- The sun came out after the rain, and we saw a rainbow.
- (cricket, baseball) Of a player, so as to be disqualified from playing further by some action of a member of the opposing team (such as being stumped in cricket).
- Wilson was bowled out for five runs.
- 1876, The School newspaper Vol. [2 issues of vols. 31 and 32]., page 66:
- First ball hit me on the 'and, second 'ad me on the knee, the third was in my eye, the fourth bowled me out.
- 1984, Official Baseball Guide, page 211:
- Hayes batted for Reed and grounded out, Murray unassisted.
- 2007, Philip R. Craig, William G. Tapply, Third Strike: A Brady Coyne/J. W. Jackson Mystery, page 27:
- So, first guy, Larry strikes him out, good fastball in on his hands.
- 2010, Mark Butcher, Paul Abraham, Learn to Play Cricket: Teach Yourself, page A-65:
- The striking batter is bowled out when the wicket is broken with the bowler's delivery. A batter is bowled out whether or not the ball is touched or deflected into the stumps by the batter.
See alsoEdit
There are numerous individual phrasal verbs, such as come out, go out, pull out, put out, take out, and so on.
SynonymsEdit
- (not at home): away
AntonymsEdit
- (not at home): in
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
- act out
- all out
- bottle out
- bowl out
- bug out
- camp out
- chicken out
- chill out
- churn out
- coffeed out
- come out
- come out of the closet
- coming out of one's ears
- crank out
- down and out
- eat one's heart out
- figure out
- flesh out
- foul out
- freeze out
- geek out
- get out
- go all out
- go in one ear and out the other
- hang out
- hold out
- inside out
- iron out
- kick out
- kit out
- knock out
- lock out
- one eighty out
- opt out
- out of
- out of action
- out of control
- out of fashion
- out of it
- out of joint
- out of luck
- out of one's mind
- out of place
- out of pocket
- out of practice
- out-of-print
- out of proportion
- out of sorts
- out of stock
- out of the blue
- out of the ordinary
- out of the question
- out of the way
- out of the woods
- out of tune
- out of wedlock
- out of work
- out there
- out to
- out to get someone
- out to lunch
- out upon
- pig out
- put out
- put out feelers
- rub out
- suss out
- turn out
- wash out
- way out
- weed out
- wipe out
- zonk out
- zoom out
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
PrepositionEdit
out
- From from the inside to the outside of; out of. [from 14th c.]
- c. 1608, William Shakespeare, Coriolanus, V.2:
- Can you, when you have pushed out your gates the very defender of them, and in a violent popular ignorance given your enemy your shield, think to front his revenges with the easy groans of old women, the virginal palms of your daughters, or with the palsied intercession of such a decayed dotant as you seem to be?
- 1830, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, "Adeline":
- Thy roselips and full blue eyes / Take the heart from out my breast.
- 2012, Thomas Gifford, Woman in the Window:
- After she'd made her single cup of coffee she sat looking out the window into the slushy, halficy backyard and dialed Tony's number on Staten Island.
- c. 1608, William Shakespeare, Coriolanus, V.2:
Usage notesEdit
- The use of out as a preposition, as in look out the window, is standard in American, Australian, and New Zealand English, and is common in speech and informal contexts in Britain, but is not standard British English.[1][2]
SynonymsEdit
- (away from the inside): through
AntonymsEdit
- (away from the inside): in
TranslationsEdit
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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In many languages there is no direct translation, as the idea expressed by the English adverb is expressed by a prefix in many languages. Other West Germanic languages are halfway in-between to some extent as it uses a prefix in the infinitive of its verbs, but often, though not always, separates the prefix into the same form as the English adverb when conjugating them.
- Dutch: usually expressed by the prefix uit-
- Esperanto: usually expressed by the prefix el- and/or preposition el (1), ekstere (2)
- Finnish: ablative case (-lta, -ltä) or elative case (-sta, -stä)
- German: usually expressed by the prefix aus-
- Hungarian: usually expressed by the prefix ki-
- Latin: usually expressed by the prefix ex-
- Latvian: usually expressed by the prefix iz-
- Russian: usually expressed by the prefix вы- (vy-), sometimes by вз- (vz-), воз- (voz-)
- Slovak: usually expressed by the prefix vy-, or sometimes z-
- Swedish: sometimes expressed by the prefix ut. In some cases considered somewhat formal.
NounEdit
out (plural outs)
- A means of exit, escape, reprieve, etc.
- They wrote the law to give those organizations an out.
- (baseball) A state in which a member of the batting team is removed from play due to the application of various rules of the game such as striking out, hitting a fly ball which is caught by the fielding team before bouncing, etc.
- (cricket) A dismissal; a state in which a member of the batting team finishes his turn at bat, due to the application of various rules of the game, such as the bowler knocking over the batsman's wicket with the ball.
- (poker) A card which can make a hand a winner.
- 2006, David Apostolico, Lessons from the Professional Poker Tour (page 21)
- If he did have a bigger ace, I still had at least six outs — the case ace, two nines, and three tens. I could also have more outs if he held anything less than A-K.
- 2006, David Apostolico, Lessons from the Professional Poker Tour (page 21)
- (dated) A trip out; an outing.
- 1852-53, Charles Dickens, Bleak House
- Us London lawyers don't often get an out; and when we do, we like to make the most of it, you know.
- 1852-53, Charles Dickens, Bleak House
- (chiefly in the plural) One who, or that which, is out; especially, one who is out of office.
- Antonym: in
- 1827, Benjamin Chew, A Sketch of the Politics, Relations, and Statistics, of the Western World (page 192)
- This memoir has nothing to do with the question between the ins and the outs; it is intended neither to support nor to assail the administration; it is general in its views upon a general and national subject; […]
- A place or space outside of something; a nook or corner; an angle projecting outward; an open space.
- (printing, dated) A word or words omitted by the compositor in setting up copy; an omission.
DescendantsEdit
TranslationsEdit
VerbEdit
out (third-person singular simple present outs, present participle outing, simple past and past participle outed)
- (transitive) To eject; to expel.
- 1689, John Selden, Table Talk
- a king outed of his country
- 1674, Peter Heylin, Cosmographie in four bookes
- The French have been outed from their holds.
- 1926, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Land of Mist[1]:
- "I outed myself for life that night. I can put up a show fight and exhibition bout, but I'm done for the real thing."
- 1689, John Selden, Table Talk
- (intransitive) To come or go out; to get out or away; to become public, revealed, or apparent.
- c. 1596–1598, William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:
- Truth will out.
- (transitive) To reveal (a person or organization) as having a certain secret, such as a being a secret agent or undercover detective.
- 2009 March 16, Maurna Desmond, "AIG Outs Counterparties" (online news article), Forbes.com.
- (transitive) To reveal (a secret).
- A Brazilian company outed the new mobile phone design.
- (transitive, LGBT) To reveal (a person) as LGBT+ (gay, trans, etc).
- 2014 July 18, Jase Peeples, “Susan Blu: Transformation of an Animation Icon”, in The Advocate[3]:
- She throws her head back and lets out a warm laugh before she continues, “After that I thought, What am I so worried about? So I began to tell more people, and the more I outed myself, the easier it got.”
- 2015, Juliet Jacques, Trans: A Memoir, Verso Books (→ISBN):
- Trans Media Watch had recently spoken at the Leveson Inquiry about how the Sun and the Daily Mail routinely outed trans people, publishing old names and photos, for no reason other than because they could.
- 2015 December 30, Kathy, “Kathy's Favorite Photo (of Kathy!)”, in Femulate[4]:
- Always in my life I knew I was different. I also accepted that in a way, but I thought I could just live out those desires in private, for myself. I also have gone out en femme for a couple of years. […] I outed myself to my sister, which was super positive and is[sic] now my biggest supporter (love u sis!).
- 2016, Molly Booth, Saving Hamlet, Little, Brown Books for Young Readers (→ISBN):
- The Parkses were strict and narrowminded, and not knowing what to do with their recently outed bisexual teenage daughter, their obvious solution was to cut her off from her friends and keep her from leaving the house.
- 2020, Jos Twist, Meg-John Barker, Kat Gupta, Benjamin Vincent, Non-Binary Lives: An Anthology of Intersecting Identities, Jessica Kingsley Publishers (→ISBN), page 116:
- As of 2018, I chair the workforce committee and lead on diversity and inclusion, including heading up a policy review on gender identity and trans inclusion, although that led me to be publicly outed as non-binary in the Sunday Times.
- To kill; to snuff out.
- 1912, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World[5]:
- "In my own case, I was beaten about the head by their wings, so we have had a remarkable exhibition of their various methods of offence." "It has been touch and go for our lives," said Lord John, gravely, "and I could not think of a more rotten sort of death than to be outed by such filthy vermin."
SynonymsEdit
- (reveal a secret): See also Thesaurus:divulge
TranslationsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
out (not comparable)
- Not at home; not at one's office or place of employment.
- I'm sorry, Mr Smith is out at the moment.
- Not inside or within something.
- I worked away cleaning the U-bend until all the gunge was out.
- Freed from confinement or secrecy.
- Sentenced to five years, he could be out in three with good behavior.
- My secret is out.
- Not fitted or inserted into something.
- The TV won't work with the plug out!
- (sports) Of the ball or other playing implement, falling or passing outside the bounds of the playing area.
- I thought the ball hit the line, but the umpire said it was out.
- Released, available for purchase, download or other use.
- Did you hear? Their newest CD is out!
- 2009, Roger Stahl, Militainment, Inc.: War, Media, and Popular Culture, page 96:
- The game was commercially released on Xbox and PC in 2005 as an installment of the Close Combat series, which had been out since 1996.
- (in various games; used especially of a batsman or batter in cricket or baseball) Dismissed from play under the rules of the game.
- He bowls, Johnson pokes at it ... and ... Johnson is out! Caught behind by Ponsonby!
- (LGBT) Openly acknowledging that one is LGBT+ (gay, trans, etc).
- It's no big deal to be out in the entertainment business.
- 2011, Allan Bérubé, My Desire for History: Essays in Gay, Community, and Labor History:
- I had not come out yet and he was out but wasn't; quite ungay, I would say, and yet gay.
- 2018, Matthew Waites, Supporting Young Transgender Men: A Guide for Professionals, Jessica Kingsley Publishers (→ISBN), page 40:
- However, for a transgender man, while living stealth can be a feasible option for some, key people will need to know […] Not everyone has to be out, loud and proud or march down the streets holding trans flags […]
- (by extension, uncommon) Open, public; public about or openly acknowledging some (usually specified) identity.
- 2014, Arlene Stein, Reluctant Witnesses: Survivors, Their Children, and the Rise of Holocaust Consciousness, Oxford University Press (→ISBN):
- She was “out” as a survivor for the first time in her life. “I had friends who had known me many, many years who are totally astounded, shocked,” she said. “They could not believe that I was a Holocaust survivor. [...]”
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:out.
- 2014, Arlene Stein, Reluctant Witnesses: Survivors, Their Children, and the Rise of Holocaust Consciousness, Oxford University Press (→ISBN):
- (of flowers) In bloom.
- The garden looks beautiful now that the roses are out.
- (of the sun, moon or stars) Visible in the sky; not obscured by clouds.
- The sun is out, and it's a lovely day.
- (of lamps, fires etc.) Not shining or burning.
- I called round to the house but all the lights were out and no one was home.
- (of ideas, plans, etc.) Discarded; no longer a possibility.
- Right, so that idea's out. Let's move on to the next one.
- (of certain services, devices, or facilities) Not available; out of service.
- Power is out in the entire city.
- My wi-fi is out.
- (of a user of a service) Not having availability of a service, as power or communications.
- Most of the city got service back yesterday, but my neighborhood is still out.
- (of an organization, etc.) Temporarily not in operation, or not being attended as usual.
- when school gets out for today, when college is out for the summer
- Of the tide, at or near its lowest level.
- You can walk to the island when the tide's out.
- No longer popular or in fashion.
- Black is out this season. The new black is white.
- Without; no longer in possession of; not having more
- Do you have any bread? Sorry, we're out.
- (of calculations or measurements) Containing errors or discrepancies; in error by a stated amount.
- Nothing adds up in this report. All these figures are out.
- The measurement was out by three millimetres.
- (obsolete) Of a young lady: having entered society and available to be courted.
- 1814 July, [Jane Austen], chapter V, in Mansfield Park: A Novel. In Three Volumes, volume I, London: Printed for T[homas] Egerton, […], OCLC 39810224, page 98:
- "Pray, is she out, or is she not?—I am puzzled.—She dined at the Parsonage, with the rest of you, which seemed like being out; and yet she says so little, that I can hardly suppose she is."
Usage notesEdit
- In cricket, the specific cause or rule under which a batsman is out appears after the word “out”, e.g., “out hit the ball twice”.
- In baseball, the cause is expressed as a verb with adverbial “out”, e.g., “he grounded out”.
SynonymsEdit
- (openly acknowledging one's homosexuality): openly gay
- (no longer popular): démodé, passé, unchic; see also Thesaurus:unfashionable
AntonymsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
InterjectionEdit
out
- (procedure word, especially military) A radio procedure word meaning that the station is finished with its transmission and does not expect a response.
- Destruction. Two T-72s destroyed. Three foot mobiles down. Out.
- 2002 November 18, Nintendo R&D1, Metroid Fusion, Nintendo, Game Boy Advance, scene: dispatch:
- [Galactic Federation official]: 'Does Samus suspect anything?' / Ship AI: 'No, I do not think so.' / [Galactic Federation official]: 'Good. Monitor her closely.' / Ship AI: 'Affirmative. Out.'
- Get out; begone; away!
- 1606, William Shakespeare, Macbeth
- Out, damned spot! Out, I say!
- 1606, William Shakespeare, Macbeth
Coordinate termsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Derived termsEdit
See also Category:English phrasal verbs with particle (out)
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Bounded landmarks", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8
- out at OneLook Dictionary Search
- ^ “out”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
- ^ “out” (US) / “out” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
BretonEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
out
BukiyipEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
out
ReferencesEdit
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
ChineseEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
VerbEdit
out
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from English out. Doublet of aus.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
out (not comparable)
DeclensionEdit
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist out | sie ist out | es ist out | sie sind out | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | outer | oute | outes | oute |
genitive | outen | outer | outen | outer | |
dative | outem | outer | outem | outen | |
accusative | outen | oute | outes | oute | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der oute | die oute | das oute | die outen |
genitive | des outen | der outen | des outen | der outen | |
dative | dem outen | der outen | dem outen | den outen | |
accusative | den outen | die oute | das oute | die outen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein outer | eine oute | ein outes | (keine) outen |
genitive | eines outen | einer outen | eines outen | (keiner) outen | |
dative | einem outen | einer outen | einem outen | (keinen) outen | |
accusative | einen outen | eine oute | ein outes | (keine) outen |
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “out” in Duden online
- “out” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “out” in PONS (pons.com)
“out” in PONS (pons.com)
Haitian CreoleEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
out
Mauritian CreoleEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
out
Middle DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Dutch ald, from Proto-West Germanic *ald, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
out (comparative ouder, superlative outst)
InflectionEdit
Adjective | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | ||
Nominative | Indefinite | out | oude | out | oude |
Definite | oude | oude | |||
Accusative | ouden | oude | oude | oude | |
Genitive | outs | ouder | outs | ouder | |
Dative | ouden | ouder | ouden | ouden |
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “out”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “out (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
SpanishEdit
NounEdit
out m (plural outs)