بنة

See also: بنه and تنه

Arabic edit

Etymology edit

Apparently generalized from بُنّ (bunn) later glossed as “coffee-beans/plants; a fine strong fragrance” and explained by Classical Syriac ܒܽܘܢܳܐ (būnā, “barley soaked in water”) and Ancient Greek βύνη (búnē, “malt”), so originally developing an idea of something fermented, or otherwise regarding the associated meanings of “staying” or “lingering” and our connection to Proto-Iranian *buHnáh, Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰudʰnás (“ground”) one can also construct a basic idea of ground, base (note). Similarity to Proto-Slavic *vòňa (“stench”) is a coincidence.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ban.na/
(Andalusi) IPA^(key): /bin.na/

Noun edit

بَنَّة • (banna) f (plural بِنَان (binān))

(Classical Arabic) aroma, odour considered contranymously either pleasant or fetid, from foodstuff, clothing, or in lodging-places of cattle
- 577 AH / 1181–82 CE, ابن هشام اللخمي [Ibn Hišām al-Laḵmiyy], edited by José Pérez Lázaro, (Please provide the book title or journal name), volume II, Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional, published 1990, →ISBN, page 253 Nr.80:
  ويقولون هذا طعام ليس له بَنَّة أي طِيبٌ. والبَنَّةُ عند العرب الرِّيحُ. تقول أَجِدُ في هذا الثّوب بَنَّةً من تفّاح أو سفرجل أو غير ذلك. والبَنَّةُ أيضاً رِيحُ مَرَابِضِ البَقَرِ والغَنَمِ.
  They say this food has no pleasant odour or scent. Odour is smell with the Arabs. You say I find in this garment smell of apples and quinces and other things. And odour is also smell of cow and sheep barns.

Declension edit

Declension of noun بَنَّة (banna)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَنَّة banna	الْبَنَّة al-banna	بَنَّة bannat
Nominative	بَنَّةٌ bannatun	الْبَنَّةُ al-bannatu	بَنَّةُ bannatu
Accusative	بَنَّةً bannatan	الْبَنَّةَ al-bannata	بَنَّةَ bannata
Genitive	بَنَّةٍ bannatin	الْبَنَّةِ al-bannati	بَنَّةِ bannati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَنَّتَيْن bannatayn	الْبَنَّتَيْن al-bannatayn	بَنَّتَيْ bannatay
Nominative	بَنَّتَانِ bannatāni	الْبَنَّتَانِ al-bannatāni	بَنَّتَا bannatā
Accusative	بَنَّتَيْنِ bannatayni	الْبَنَّتَيْنِ al-bannatayni	بَنَّتَيْ bannatay
Genitive	بَنَّتَيْنِ bannatayni	الْبَنَّتَيْنِ al-bannatayni	بَنَّتَيْ bannatay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِنَان binān	الْبِنَان al-binān	بِنَان binān
Nominative	بِنَانٌ binānun	الْبِنَانُ al-binānu	بِنَانُ binānu
Accusative	بِنَانًا binānan	الْبِنَانَ al-bināna	بِنَانَ bināna
Genitive	بِنَانٍ binānin	الْبِنَانِ al-bināni	بِنَانِ bināni

Derived terms edit

بِنّ (binn, “a place having a fetid odour; layer of fat”)
بَنَّ (banna, “to stop over or have a stay”)
بَنَّنَ (bannana, “to tie to fatten; to give an odour to”)
أَبَنَّ (ʔabanna, “to stick, to stay, to remain”)
تَبَنَّنَ (tabannana, “to acquire an odour”)
بَنِين (banīn, “prudent; constant; fat; savoury”)
بُنَانَة (bunāna, “a place rich in plants or otherwise of agreeable odours”)

References edit

Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 189
Freytag, Georg (1830) “بنة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 158b
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “بنة”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 166
Lane, Edward William (1863) “بنة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 258