Punjabi

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Etymology

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Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit [Term?] (compare Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑁄𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀤𑀺 (bolladi)). Compare Urdu بولنا, Marathi बोलणे (bolṇe), Bengali বলা (bola).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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بولݨا (bolṇā) (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੋਲਣਾ)

  1. to speak, say
    مَیْں انگریْزی نَئیں بوْلدا آں۔
    I cannot speak English.

Conjugation

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References

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  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “بولن”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
  • ਬੋਲਣਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024

Urdu

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Etymology

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Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑁄𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀤𑀺 (bolladi), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑁄𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁆 (*boll, to speak, utter). Compare Bengali বলা (bola), Assamese বোলা (büla), Marathi बोलणे (bolṇe), Punjabi ਬੋਲਣਾ (bolṇā) / بولݨا (bolṇā).[1] Also compare بُلَانَا (bulānā, to call).

Perhaps further from Sanskrit *बूर्यते (būryate), a metathesized form of ब्रूयते (brūyate), from the root ब्रू (brū, speak, say).[2]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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بولْنا (bolnā) (Hindi spelling बोलना)

  1. to speak
  2. to tell
  3. to say

Conjugation

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  • Note: The second-person polite form آپ (āp) (āp) uses the third-person plural conjugation.

References

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  1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*bōll”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  2. ^ Chatterji, Suniti Kumar (1926) The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language[1], volume 2, Calcutta: Calcutta University Press, page 876

Further reading

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  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “بولنا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.