زنجیر

Ottoman Turkish

زنجیر

Alternative forms

• զինճիր (zincir) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian زنجیر (zanjir, “chain”).

Noun

زنجیر • (zincir)

1. chain, a series of interconnected rings or links

   Synonym: سلسله (silsile)

2. fetter, a chain used to bind the legs of a person

   Synonym: بوقاغی (bukağı)

Derived terms

• زنجیر چكمك (zincir çekmek, “to draw or carry a chain”)
• زنجیربند (zincirbend, “chained, fettered”)
• زنجیرجی (zincirci, “maker or seller of chains”)
• زنجیرخانه (zincirhane, “chain manufactory”)
• زنجیرك (zincirek, “small chain”)
• زنجیرلتمك (zincirletmek, “to make or let be chained”)
• زنجیرلمك (zincirlemek, “to chain”)
• زنجیرلنمك (zincirlenmek, “to be chained”)
• زنجیرلو (zincirli, “furnished with chains”)
• زنجیره (zincire, “chain-pattern”)
• زنجیری (zinciri, “pertaining to a chain”)
• زنجیری قوپارمق (zinciri koparmak, “to go mad, become insane”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: zincir, zencil
• → Albanian: zinxhir
• → Armenian: զնջիլ (znǰil), զնճիլ (znčil), ջինջիլ (ǰinǰil), ջնջիլ (ǰnǰil)
• → Aromanian: singir
• → Bulgarian: синджи́р (sindžír)
• → Egyptian Arabic: جنزير (ganzīr)
• → Georgian: ჯინჯილი (ǯinǯili) — Meskheti, Kiziqi
• → Laz: ზენჯილი (zencili)
• → Macedonian: синџир (sindžir)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: сѝнџӣр, сѝнжӣр

  Latin script: sìndžīr, sìnžīr

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “zincir”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5487
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “زنجیر”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 258a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “زنجیر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 648
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Catena”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 161
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “زنجیر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2472
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “zincir”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “زنجیر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1015

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [zin.d͡ʒiːɾ], [zan.d͡ʒiːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɪn.d͡ʒiːɾ], [zän.d͡ʒiːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɪn.d͡ʒiːɾ], [zän.d͡ʒiːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zɪn.d͡ʒiːɾ], [zän.d͡ʒiːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zin.d͡ʒiɾ], [zän.d͡ʒiɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zen.d͡ʒiːɹ], [zæn.d͡ʒiːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zin.d͡ʒiɾ], [zän.d͡ʒiɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	zinjīr, zanjīr
Dari reading?	zinjīr, zanjīr
Iranian reading?	zenjir, zanjir
Tajik reading?	zinjir, zanjir

Noun

Dari	زنجیر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	занҷир

زنجیر • (zanjir)

1. chain
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3159:

     یاد دادش جور اخوان و حسد / گفت کان زنجیر بود و ما اسد

     yâd dâd-aš jawr-i-axwân u hasad / guft k-ân zanjîr bûd u mâ asad

     He spoke to him (Joseph) of the injustice and envy of his brethren: Joseph said, “That was (like) a chain, and I was the lion.

Derived terms

• زنجیر زدن (zanjir zadan)
• زنجیرزنی (zanjir-zani)

Descendants

• Tajik: занҷир (zanjir)
• → Azerbaijani: zəncir
  • → Georgian: ჟინჟირ (žinžir) — Ingilo
• → Bashkir: сынйыр (sınyır)
• → Central Kurdish: زنجیر (zincîr)
• → Georgian: ზანჯირე (zanǯire) — Fereydan
• → Gujarati: જંજીર (jañjīr)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: ज़ंजीर (zañjīr)

  Urdu: زنجیر (zanjīr)

• → Kalmyk: шинҗүр (şinjür)
• → Kazakh: шынжыр (şynjyr)
• → Kyrgyz: чынжыр (cınjır)
• → Ottoman Turkish: زنجیر (zincîr), զինճիր (zincir) — Armeno-Turkish
  • Turkish: zincir, zencil
  • → Albanian: zinxhir
  • → Armenian: զնջիլ (znǰil), զնճիլ (znčil), ջինջիլ (ǰinǰil), ջնջիլ (ǰnǰil)
  • → Aromanian: singir
  • → Bulgarian: синджи́р (sindžír)
  • → Egyptian Arabic: جنزير (ganzīr)
  • → Georgian: ჯინჯილი (ǯinǯili) — Meskheti, Kiziqi
  • → Laz: ზენჯილი (zencili)
  • → Macedonian: синџир (sindžir)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: сѝнџӣр, сѝнжӣр

    Latin script: sìndžīr, sìnžīr

• → Tatar: чылбыр (çılbır)
• → Turkmen: zynjyr
• → Uyghur: زەنجىر (zenjir)
• → Uzbek: zanjir

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زنجیر (zanjir).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /zən.d͡ʒiːɾ/
• Rhymes: -iːɾ

Noun

زَنْجِیر • (zanjīr) f (Hindi spelling ज़ंजीर)

1. chain, shackle

Declension

Declension of زنجیر
	singular	plural
direct	زنجیر (zanjīr)	زنجیریں (zanjīrẽ)
oblique	زنجیر (zanjīr)	زنجیروں (zanjīrõ)
vocative	زنجیر (zanjīr)	زنجیرو (zanjīro)

References

• “زنجیر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “زنجیر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.