Arabic

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سَرْج

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Aramaic סַרְגָא (sargā) (in Classical Syriac ܣܰܪܓܳܐ), from סְרַג (srag, to bind, to plait) (in Classical Syriac ܣܪܰܓ).

A theory diffused by Abaev[1] derives the word from Iranian, compare Sogdian [script needed] (sʾγr /⁠sāγr⁠/), Ossetian саргъ (sarǧ), but the Iranic words are, if related, perhaps more likely to come from Arabic, or Aramaic, the existence of which he fails to note; the same assertion is made by Corriente/Pereira/Vicente [2] “in spite of the Syriac”, because “the greater part of the Semitic basic lexicon with respect to horses is introduced into the Middle East by Indo-Europeans”.

However, apart from the fact that camels too bear saddles, that notion is vague on statistical grounds: If one goes through the list of horse tack terms, there are just few, particularly less important terms from this semantical field that can only be presumed to be Iranian, comprising بَرْذَعَة (barḏaʕa, packsaddle) and جُوَالَق (juwālaq, saddlebag), نَمَط (namaṭ, a rug laid over a saddle), رَسَن (rasan, noseband). Others like خُرْج (ḵurj, saddlebag) and لِجَام (lijām, bridle) have only vaguely been claimed to be Iranian and themselves been “reborrowed” into Persian, and have Semitic explanations too, or one has much evidence on one side like one has on the other, so for شِكَال (šikāl, hobble). Thus it is here: The correspondence of the Aramaic consonants is regular to those of Arabic شَرَّجَ (šarraja, to weave around), as has been indicated already by Fraenkel.

Noun

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سَرْج (sarjm (plural سُرُوج (surūj))

  1. saddle
Declension
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Declension of noun سَرْج (sarj)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal سَرْج
sarj
السَّرْج
as-sarj
سَرْج
sarj
nominative سَرْجٌ
sarjun
السَّرْجُ
as-sarju
سَرْجُ
sarju
accusative سَرْجًا
sarjan
السَّرْجَ
as-sarja
سَرْجَ
sarja
genitive سَرْجٍ
sarjin
السَّرْجِ
as-sarji
سَرْجِ
sarji
dual indefinite definite construct
informal سَرْجَيْن
sarjayn
السَّرْجَيْن
as-sarjayn
سَرْجَيْ
sarjay
nominative سَرْجَانِ
sarjāni
السَّرْجَانِ
as-sarjāni
سَرْجَا
sarjā
accusative سَرْجَيْنِ
sarjayni
السَّرْجَيْنِ
as-sarjayni
سَرْجَيْ
sarjay
genitive سَرْجَيْنِ
sarjayni
السَّرْجَيْنِ
as-sarjayni
سَرْجَيْ
sarjay
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal سُرُوج
surūj
السُّرُوج
as-surūj
سُرُوج
surūj
nominative سُرُوجٌ
surūjun
السُّرُوجُ
as-surūju
سُرُوجُ
surūju
accusative سُرُوجًا
surūjan
السُّرُوجَ
as-surūja
سُرُوجَ
surūja
genitive سُرُوجٍ
surūjin
السُّرُوجِ
as-surūji
سُرُوجِ
surūji
Descendants
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  • Maltese: sarġ
  • Kanuri: sǝrdu
  • Ottoman Turkish: سرج (serc)
  • Swahili: saruji

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Aramaic סְרַג (srag, to bind, to plait; to girth; to saddle) (in Classical Syriac ܣܪܰܓ); in the meaning “to saddle” denominal verb in Arabic. Doublet of شَرَجَ (šaraja, to put together, to interweave).

Verb

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سَرَجَ (saraja) I (non-past يَسْرُجُ (yasruju), verbal noun سَرْج (sarj))

  1. to plait, to twine
  2. to lie, to sham
  3. to saddle
Conjugation
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Conjugation of سَرَجَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun سَرْج)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
سَرْج
sarj
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
سَارِج
sārij
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَسْرُوج
masrūj
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سَرَجْتُ
sarajtu
سَرَجْتَ
sarajta
سَرَجَ
saraja
سَرَجْتُمَا
sarajtumā
سَرَجَا
sarajā
سَرَجْنَا
sarajnā
سَرَجْتُمْ
sarajtum
سَرَجُوا
sarajū
f سَرَجْتِ
sarajti
سَرَجَتْ
sarajat
سَرَجَتَا
sarajatā
سَرَجْتُنَّ
sarajtunna
سَرَجْنَ
sarajna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَسْرُجُ
ʔasruju
تَسْرُجُ
tasruju
يَسْرُجُ
yasruju
تَسْرُجَانِ
tasrujāni
يَسْرُجَانِ
yasrujāni
نَسْرُجُ
nasruju
تَسْرُجُونَ
tasrujūna
يَسْرُجُونَ
yasrujūna
f تَسْرُجِينَ
tasrujīna
تَسْرُجُ
tasruju
تَسْرُجَانِ
tasrujāni
تَسْرُجْنَ
tasrujna
يَسْرُجْنَ
yasrujna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَسْرُجَ
ʔasruja
تَسْرُجَ
tasruja
يَسْرُجَ
yasruja
تَسْرُجَا
tasrujā
يَسْرُجَا
yasrujā
نَسْرُجَ
nasruja
تَسْرُجُوا
tasrujū
يَسْرُجُوا
yasrujū
f تَسْرُجِي
tasrujī
تَسْرُجَ
tasruja
تَسْرُجَا
tasrujā
تَسْرُجْنَ
tasrujna
يَسْرُجْنَ
yasrujna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَسْرُجْ
ʔasruj
تَسْرُجْ
tasruj
يَسْرُجْ
yasruj
تَسْرُجَا
tasrujā
يَسْرُجَا
yasrujā
نَسْرُجْ
nasruj
تَسْرُجُوا
tasrujū
يَسْرُجُوا
yasrujū
f تَسْرُجِي
tasrujī
تَسْرُجْ
tasruj
تَسْرُجَا
tasrujā
تَسْرُجْنَ
tasrujna
يَسْرُجْنَ
yasrujna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m اُسْرُجْ
usruj
اُسْرُجَا
usrujā
اُسْرُجُوا
usrujū
f اُسْرُجِي
usrujī
اُسْرُجْنَ
usrujna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سُرِجْتُ
surijtu
سُرِجْتَ
surijta
سُرِجَ
surija
سُرِجْتُمَا
surijtumā
سُرِجَا
surijā
سُرِجْنَا
surijnā
سُرِجْتُمْ
surijtum
سُرِجُوا
surijū
f سُرِجْتِ
surijti
سُرِجَتْ
surijat
سُرِجَتَا
surijatā
سُرِجْتُنَّ
surijtunna
سُرِجْنَ
surijna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُسْرَجُ
ʔusraju
تُسْرَجُ
tusraju
يُسْرَجُ
yusraju
تُسْرَجَانِ
tusrajāni
يُسْرَجَانِ
yusrajāni
نُسْرَجُ
nusraju
تُسْرَجُونَ
tusrajūna
يُسْرَجُونَ
yusrajūna
f تُسْرَجِينَ
tusrajīna
تُسْرَجُ
tusraju
تُسْرَجَانِ
tusrajāni
تُسْرَجْنَ
tusrajna
يُسْرَجْنَ
yusrajna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُسْرَجَ
ʔusraja
تُسْرَجَ
tusraja
يُسْرَجَ
yusraja
تُسْرَجَا
tusrajā
يُسْرَجَا
yusrajā
نُسْرَجَ
nusraja
تُسْرَجُوا
tusrajū
يُسْرَجُوا
yusrajū
f تُسْرَجِي
tusrajī
تُسْرَجَ
tusraja
تُسْرَجَا
tusrajā
تُسْرَجْنَ
tusrajna
يُسْرَجْنَ
yusrajna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُسْرَجْ
ʔusraj
تُسْرَجْ
tusraj
يُسْرَجْ
yusraj
تُسْرَجَا
tusrajā
يُسْرَجَا
yusrajā
نُسْرَجْ
nusraj
تُسْرَجُوا
tusrajū
يُسْرَجُوا
yusrajū
f تُسْرَجِي
tusrajī
تُسْرَجْ
tusraj
تُسْرَجَا
tusrajā
تُسْرَجْنَ
tusrajna
يُسْرَجْنَ
yusrajna

Verb

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سَرَّجَ (sarraja) II (non-past يُسَرِّجُ (yusarriju), verbal noun سَرْج (sarj))

  1. to saddle
Conjugation
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Conjugation of سَرَّجَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun سَرْج)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
سَرْج
sarj
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
مُسَرِّج
musarrij
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مُسَرَّج
musarraj
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سَرَّجْتُ
sarrajtu
سَرَّجْتَ
sarrajta
سَرَّجَ
sarraja
سَرَّجْتُمَا
sarrajtumā
سَرَّجَا
sarrajā
سَرَّجْنَا
sarrajnā
سَرَّجْتُمْ
sarrajtum
سَرَّجُوا
sarrajū
f سَرَّجْتِ
sarrajti
سَرَّجَتْ
sarrajat
سَرَّجَتَا
sarrajatā
سَرَّجْتُنَّ
sarrajtunna
سَرَّجْنَ
sarrajna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُسَرِّجُ
ʔusarriju
تُسَرِّجُ
tusarriju
يُسَرِّجُ
yusarriju
تُسَرِّجَانِ
tusarrijāni
يُسَرِّجَانِ
yusarrijāni
نُسَرِّجُ
nusarriju
تُسَرِّجُونَ
tusarrijūna
يُسَرِّجُونَ
yusarrijūna
f تُسَرِّجِينَ
tusarrijīna
تُسَرِّجُ
tusarriju
تُسَرِّجَانِ
tusarrijāni
تُسَرِّجْنَ
tusarrijna
يُسَرِّجْنَ
yusarrijna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُسَرِّجَ
ʔusarrija
تُسَرِّجَ
tusarrija
يُسَرِّجَ
yusarrija
تُسَرِّجَا
tusarrijā
يُسَرِّجَا
yusarrijā
نُسَرِّجَ
nusarrija
تُسَرِّجُوا
tusarrijū
يُسَرِّجُوا
yusarrijū
f تُسَرِّجِي
tusarrijī
تُسَرِّجَ
tusarrija
تُسَرِّجَا
tusarrijā
تُسَرِّجْنَ
tusarrijna
يُسَرِّجْنَ
yusarrijna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُسَرِّجْ
ʔusarrij
تُسَرِّجْ
tusarrij
يُسَرِّجْ
yusarrij
تُسَرِّجَا
tusarrijā
يُسَرِّجَا
yusarrijā
نُسَرِّجْ
nusarrij
تُسَرِّجُوا
tusarrijū
يُسَرِّجُوا
yusarrijū
f تُسَرِّجِي
tusarrijī
تُسَرِّجْ
tusarrij
تُسَرِّجَا
tusarrijā
تُسَرِّجْنَ
tusarrijna
يُسَرِّجْنَ
yusarrijna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m سَرِّجْ
sarrij
سَرِّجَا
sarrijā
سَرِّجُوا
sarrijū
f سَرِّجِي
sarrijī
سَرِّجْنَ
sarrijna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m سُرِّجْتُ
surrijtu
سُرِّجْتَ
surrijta
سُرِّجَ
surrija
سُرِّجْتُمَا
surrijtumā
سُرِّجَا
surrijā
سُرِّجْنَا
surrijnā
سُرِّجْتُمْ
surrijtum
سُرِّجُوا
surrijū
f سُرِّجْتِ
surrijti
سُرِّجَتْ
surrijat
سُرِّجَتَا
surrijatā
سُرِّجْتُنَّ
surrijtunna
سُرِّجْنَ
surrijna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُسَرَّجُ
ʔusarraju
تُسَرَّجُ
tusarraju
يُسَرَّجُ
yusarraju
تُسَرَّجَانِ
tusarrajāni
يُسَرَّجَانِ
yusarrajāni
نُسَرَّجُ
nusarraju
تُسَرَّجُونَ
tusarrajūna
يُسَرَّجُونَ
yusarrajūna
f تُسَرَّجِينَ
tusarrajīna
تُسَرَّجُ
tusarraju
تُسَرَّجَانِ
tusarrajāni
تُسَرَّجْنَ
tusarrajna
يُسَرَّجْنَ
yusarrajna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُسَرَّجَ
ʔusarraja
تُسَرَّجَ
tusarraja
يُسَرَّجَ
yusarraja
تُسَرَّجَا
tusarrajā
يُسَرَّجَا
yusarrajā
نُسَرَّجَ
nusarraja
تُسَرَّجُوا
tusarrajū
يُسَرَّجُوا
yusarrajū
f تُسَرَّجِي
tusarrajī
تُسَرَّجَ
tusarraja
تُسَرَّجَا
tusarrajā
تُسَرَّجْنَ
tusarrajna
يُسَرَّجْنَ
yusarrajna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُسَرَّجْ
ʔusarraj
تُسَرَّجْ
tusarraj
يُسَرَّجْ
yusarraj
تُسَرَّجَا
tusarrajā
يُسَرَّجَا
yusarrajā
نُسَرَّجْ
nusarraj
تُسَرَّجُوا
tusarrajū
يُسَرَّجُوا
yusarrajū
f تُسَرَّجِي
tusarrajī
تُسَرَّجْ
tusarraj
تُسَرَّجَا
tusarrajā
تُسَرَّجْنَ
tusarrajna
يُسَرَّجْنَ
yusarrajna

Noun

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سَرْج (sarjm

  1. verbal noun of سَرَجَ (saraja) (form I)
Declension
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Declension of noun سَرْج (sarj)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal سَرْج
sarj
السَّرْج
as-sarj
سَرْج
sarj
nominative سَرْجٌ
sarjun
السَّرْجُ
as-sarju
سَرْجُ
sarju
accusative سَرْجًا
sarjan
السَّرْجَ
as-sarja
سَرْجَ
sarja
genitive سَرْجٍ
sarjin
السَّرْجِ
as-sarji
سَرْجِ
sarji
Descendants
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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سُرُج (surujpl

  1. plural of سِرَاج (sirāj)

Further reading

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  • srg”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “سرج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 645
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 101
  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “سرج”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 306
  • Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “سرج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1343.
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “سرج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 564

References

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  1. ^ Abajev, V. I. (1979) “sarğ”, in Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 34
  2. ^ Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 626–627

Moroccan Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic سَرْج (sarj).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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سرج (sarjm (plural سروجة (srūja) or سروج (srūj))

  1. saddle