Malay

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Adjective

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سست

  1. Jawi spelling of sesat

Persian

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Etymology

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (swst' /⁠sust⁠/, slack, lazy), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫘𐫇𐫘𐫤 (sust, soft, slack, lax). Cognate with Northern Kurdish sist (weak, powerless, limp; loose, slipshod, slack), Talysh сыс (sıs, weak), Sanglechi sust (lazy), Khwarezmian [script needed] (swst, low, contemptible). Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Iranian *θrusta- (pressed forth), from Proto-Indo-European *trewd- (to push, thrust), whence Old English þrēotan (to weary).

Compare Old Armenian շուշտ (šušt), possibly an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? sust
Dari reading? sust
Iranian reading? sost
Tajik reading? sust

Adjective

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سست (sost) (comparative سست‌تَر (sost-tar), superlative سست‌تَرین (sost-tarin))

  1. (dated, literary) feeble, weak
  2. (dated, literary) soft (giving way under pressure)
  3. (dated, literary) lazy, idle
  4. (obsolete) slow
  5. (literary) relaxed, negligent, phlegmatic

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Azerbaijani: süst
  • Armenian: սուստ (sust)
  • Georgian: სუსტი (susṭi)
  • Hindustani:
    Hindi: सुस्त (sust)
    Urdu: سست (sust)
  • Middle Armenian: սուստկալ (sustkal)
  • Ottoman Turkish: سست (süst)

Further reading

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  • Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 467
  • Cabolov, R. L. (2010) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 267
  • Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Yidgha-Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashmi and Wakhi) (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co., page 412a
  • Nalbandyan, G. M. (1987) “سست”, in Parskeren-hayeren baṙaran [Persian–Armenian Dictionary], Yerevan: Luys, page 347a
  • Palatecʻi, Gēorg Dpir (1829) “սիւսթ”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʻ [Persian Dictionary in the Order of the Armenian Alphabet] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 507b
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 78
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “سست”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 681

Urdu

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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سست (sust) (Hindi spelling सुस्त)

  1. slow, sluggish
    یہ گاڑی بہت سست ہے۔ye gāṛī bahut sust haiThis car is very slow
  2. lazy, leisurely, idle
  3. relaxed, negligent, lethargic