قنطار

hundredweight, quintal, kantar (a weight measure, usually the largest and dividing to 100 رَطْل‎ (raṭl))
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:75:
  
  ‏وَمِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَابِ مَنْ إِنْ تَأْمَنْهُ بِقِنْطَارٍ يُؤَدِّهِ إِلَيْكَ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ إِنْ تَأْمَنْهُ بِدِينَارٍ لَا يُؤَدِّهِ إِلَيْكَ إِلَّا مَا دُمْتَ عَلَيْهِ قَائِمًا‎
  wa-min ʾahli l-kitābi man ʾin taʾmanhu bi-qinṭārin yuʾaddihi ʾilayka wa-minhum man ʾin taʾmanhu bidīnārin lā yuʾaddihi ʾilayka ʾillā mā dumta ʿalayhi qāʾiman
  And among the People of the Scripture is he who, if you entrust him with a qintar, he will return it to you. And among them is he who, if you entrust him with a dinar, he will not return it to you unless you persist confronting him.
1. (obsolete, Syria until 1931) ‎ 6000 ‎وُقِيّة‎ (wuqiyya)‎ – 256.4 kg
2. (obsolete, Saudi-Arabia until 1964) 150 رَطْل‎ (raṭl) – 67.5 kg
3. (obsolete, Egypt/Sudan until 1891) ‎ 36 ‎أُقَّة‎ (ʾuqqa)‎ – ‎133+¹⁄₃ ‎وِقِيّة‎ (wiqiyya)‎ – 230,400 ‎قِيرَاط‎ (qīrāṭ)‎ – 44.93 kg
4. (obsolete, Libya until 1927) ‎ 40 ‎أُقَّة‎ (ʾuqqa)‎ – 51.28 kg
5. (obsolete, Tunisia until 1895) ‎ 2000 ‎وُقِيّة‎ (wuqiyya)‎ – 53.9 kg
6. (obsolete, Algeria until 1843) ‎ 2400 ‎وُقِيّة‎ (wuqiyya)‎ – 81.912 kg
7. (obsolete, Morocco until 1923) ‎ 50.75 kg
(figuratively) wealth, great possessions
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:14:
  
  ‏زُيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ حُبُّ ٱلشَّهَوَاتِ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَاءِ وَٱلْبَنِينَ وَٱلْقَنَاطِيرِ ٱلْمُقَنْطَرَةِ مِنَ ٱلذَّهَبِ وَٱلْفِضَّةِ وَٱلْخَيْلِ ٱلْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَٱلْأَنْعَامِ وَٱلْحَرْثِ ذٰلِكَ مَتَاعُ ٱلْحَيَاةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱللّٰهُ عِنْدَهُ حُسْنُ ٱلْمَآبِ‎
  zuyyina li-n-nāsi ḥubbu š-šahawāti mina n-nisāʾi wa-l-banīna wa-l-qanāṭīri l-muqanṭarati mina ḏ-ḏahabi wa-l-fiḍḍati wa-l-ḵayli l-musawwamati wa-l-ʾanʿāmi wa-l-ḥarṯi ḏālika matāʿu l-ḥayāti d-dunyā wa-llāhu ʿindahu ḥusnu l-maʾābi
  Beautified for men is the love of things they covet, women, children, heaped-up wealth of gold and silver, branded beautiful horses, cattle and cropland. This is the pleasure of the present world’s life, but Allah has the finest return with Him.

DeclensionEdit

Declension of noun قِنْطَار (qinṭār)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قِنْطَار qinṭār	الْقِنْطَار‎ al-qinṭār	قِنْطَار qinṭār
Nominative	قِنْطَارٌ qinṭārun	الْقِنْطَارُ‎ al-qinṭāru	قِنْطَارُ qinṭāru
Accusative	قِنْطَارًا‎ qinṭāran	الْقِنْطَارَ‎ al-qinṭāra	قِنْطَارَ qinṭāra
Genitive	قِنْطَارٍ qinṭārin	الْقِنْطَارِ‎ al-qinṭāri	قِنْطَارِ qinṭāri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قِنْطَارَيْن‎ qinṭārayn	الْقِنْطَارَيْن‎ al-qinṭārayn	قِنْطَارَيْ‎ qinṭāray
Nominative	قِنْطَارَانِ‎ qinṭārāni	الْقِنْطَارَانِ‎ al-qinṭārāni	قِنْطَارَا‎ qinṭārā
Accusative	قِنْطَارَيْنِ‎ qinṭārayni	الْقِنْطَارَيْنِ‎ al-qinṭārayni	قِنْطَارَيْ‎ qinṭāray
Genitive	قِنْطَارَيْنِ‎ qinṭārayni	الْقِنْطَارَيْنِ‎ al-qinṭārayni	قِنْطَارَيْ‎ qinṭāray
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَنَاطِير‎ qanāṭīr	الْقَنَاطِير‎ al-qanāṭīr	قَنَاطِير‎ qanāṭīr
Nominative	قَنَاطِيرُ‎ qanāṭīru	الْقَنَاطِيرُ‎ al-qanāṭīru	قَنَاطِيرُ‎ qanāṭīru
Accusative	قَنَاطِيرَ‎ qanāṭīra	الْقَنَاطِيرَ‎ al-qanāṭīra	قَنَاطِيرَ‎ qanāṭīra
Genitive	قَنَاطِيرَ‎ qanāṭīra	الْقَنَاطِيرِ‎ al-qanāṭīri	قَنَاطِيرِ‎ qanāṭīri

Derived termsEdit

قَنْطَرَ‎ (qanṭara, “to heap up wealth”)

DescendantsEdit

Maltese: qantar
Moroccan Arabic: قنطار‎ (qanṭār)
→ Azerbaijani: qantar
- → Armenian: ղանթար (łantʿar)
→ Crimean Tatar: qantar
→ English: kantar
→ Italian: cantaro
→ Medieval Latin: quintale
- Italian: quintale
- Old French: quintal
  - Middle French: quintal
    - French: quintal
      - → English: quintal
- Portuguese: quintal
- Spanish: quintal
→ Ottoman Turkish: قنطار‎ (kantar)
- Turkish: kantar
- → Armenian: ղանթար (łantʿar)
- → Belarusian: ка́нтар (kántar)
- → Bulgarian: кантар (kantar)
- → Byzantine Greek: καντάρι (kantári)
  - Greek: καντάρι (kantári)
    - ⇒ Greek: κανταράκι (kantaráki)
    - → Albanian: kandar
    - → Aromanian: cãntare, cîntare, cîndare
- → Karaim: кантар, къантар
- → Macedonian: кантар (kantar)
- → Polish: kantar (obsolete)
  - → Ukrainian: ка́нтар (kántar)
- → Romanian: cântar
- → Russian: канта́рь (kantárʹ), конта́рь (kontárʹ), канта́р (kantár), ка́нтырь (kántyrʹ)
  - → Kazakh: кантар (kantar)
- → Serbo-Croatian: ка̀нта̄р/kàntār
→ Persian: قنطار‎ (qentâr)

ReferencesEdit

Cardarelli, François (2003) Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures. Their SI Equivalences and Origins, London: Springer, →ISBN
Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 203

Ottoman TurkishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Arabic قِنْطَار‎ (qinṭār), from Byzantine Greek κεντηνάριον (kentēnárion), from Latin centēnārium (“hundredweight”).

NounEdit

قنطار • (kantar)

DescendantsEdit

Turkish: kantar
→ Armenian: ղանթար (łantʿar)
→ Belarusian: ка́нтар (kántar)
→ Bulgarian: кантар (kantar)
→ Byzantine Greek: καντάρι (kantári)
- Greek: καντάρι (kantári)
  - ⇒ Greek: κανταράκι (kantaráki)
  - → Albanian: kandar
  - → Aromanian: cãntare, cîntare, cîndare
→ Karaim: кантар, къантар
→ Macedonian: кантар (kantar)
→ Polish: kantar (obsolete)
- → Ukrainian: ка́нтар (kántar)
→ Romanian: cântar
→ Russian: канта́рь (kantárʹ), конта́рь (kontárʹ), канта́р (kantár), ка́нтырь (kántyrʹ)
- → Kazakh: кантар (kantar)
→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̀нта̄р/kàntār

PersianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Arabic قِنْطَار‎ (qinṭār), from Byzantine Greek κεντηνάριον (kentēnárion), from Latin centēnārium (“hundredweight”).

NounEdit

قنطار • (qentâr) (plural قناطیر‎)