ملت

Arabic

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English malt.

Alternative forms

• مَالْت (mālt)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɒlt/ (i.e., as in English)

Noun

مَلْت • (malt) m

1. (nonstandard) malt

Usage notes

The most usual way to refer to malt is by referring to the superordinate concept شَعِير (šaʕīr, “barley”).

Declension

Declension of noun مَلْت (malt)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	مَلْت malt	الْمَلْت al-malt	مَلْت malt
nominative	مَلْتٌ maltun	الْمَلْتُ al-maltu	مَلْتُ maltu
accusative	مَلْتًا maltan	الْمَلْتَ al-malta	مَلْتَ malta
genitive	مَلْتٍ maltin	الْمَلْتِ al-malti	مَلْتِ malti

Etymology 2

Verb

ملت (form I)

1. مِلْتُ (miltu) /mil.tu/: first-person singular past active/passive of مَالَ (māla)
2. مِلْتَ (milta) /mil.ta/: second-person masculine singular past active/passive of مَالَ (māla)
3. مِلْتِ (milti) /mil.ti/: second-person feminine singular past active/passive of مَالَ (māla)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مِلَّة (milla, “religious community; creed”), perhaps a derivation from Aramaic מִלָּה (mellā, “word, speech, statement”).

Noun

ملت • (millet) (definite accusative ملتی (milleti), plural ملل (milel))

1. people, nation, a historically constituted, stable community of people, formed based on a common language, territory, ethnicity and culture
   • 1921 February 7, Cerîde-i Resmiyye #1, Teşkilât-ı Esâsiyye Kânûnu:

     ماده ۱ - حاكمیت بلا قیدوشرط ملتكدر.

     Madde 1 - Hakimiyet bilakayduşart milletiñdir.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   Synonyms: ایل (il, el), قوم (kavm, kavim)

2. (historical) millet, an indipendent or semi-autonomous confessional community under the Ottoman Empire, especially a non-Muslim one

Derived terms

• ملت اسلام (millet-i islâm, “the faith of Islam”)
• ملت بیضا (millet-i beyzâ, “the Muslim community”)
• ملت مسیحیه (millet-i mesihiye, “the Christian community”)
• ملتجه (milletce, “as, by, or according to a nation”)
• ملتسز (milletsiz, “not belonging to a religious community”)

Related terms

• ملی (millî, “religious; national”)

Descendants

• Turkish: millet
• → Abaza: амилаҭ
• → Albanian: milet
• → Bulgarian: миле́т (milét)
• → English: millet
• → Macedonian: милет (milet)
• → Serbo-Croatian: mìlet / мѝлет

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “ملت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 784
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “millet”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3224
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “millet”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 775
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ملت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1219
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Populus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1318
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ملة”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 4883
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “millet”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ملت”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1965

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مِلَّة (milla).

Noun

ملت • (millát) m

1. nation

Related terms

• ملي (millí, “national”)
• مليت (milliyát, “nationality”)

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مِلَّة (milla).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [mil.ˈlat]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mɪl.lǽt̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mɪl.lǽt̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mɪl.lǽt̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mil.lǽt̪]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mel.lǽt̪]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mil.lǽt̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	millat
Dari reading?	millat
Iranian reading?	mellat
Tajik reading?	millat

Noun

Dari	ملت
Iranian Persian
Tajik	миллат

مِلَّت • (mellat) (plural ملل (melal), or ملت‌ها)

1. nation, people
2. (archaic) religious community
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3504:

     که از آن سو جمله‌‌ی ملت یکی ست
     صد هزاران سال و یک ساعت یکی ست

     ki az ân su jumla-i-millat yaki-st
     sad hazaran sâl u yak sâ'at yaki-st

     For beyond (the realm of contraries) all religion is one:
     hundreds of thousands of years are the same as a single hour.

Related terms

• ملی (melli, “national”)

Descendants

• → Bengali: মিল্লত (millot)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: मिल्लत (millat)

  Urdu: مِلَّت (millat)

• → Punjabi:
  • Shahmukhi script: مِلَّت (millat)
• → Sindhi: ملت