अधमर्ण

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अधमर्ण (adhamarṇa), from अधम (adhama, “lowest, worst, very low, very vile”) +‎ ऋण (ṛṇa, “debt”).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /əd̪ʱ.məɾɳ/, [ɐd̪ʱ.mɐɾɳ]
• Rhymes: -əɾɳ

Noun

अधमर्ण • (adhmarṇ) m

1. a debtor, borrower

   Synonyms: ऋणी (ŕṇī), क़र्ज़दार (qarzdār), धर्ता (dhartā)

Declension

Declension of अधमर्ण (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अधमर्ण adhmarṇ	अधमर्ण adhmarṇ
oblique	अधमर्ण adhmarṇ	अधमर्णों adhmarṇõ
vocative	अधमर्ण adhmarṇ	अधमर्णो adhmarṇo

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “अधमर्ण”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 167
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “अधमर्ण”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 19

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• अधमर्णिक (adhamarṇika)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অধমৰ্ণ (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬥᬫᬃᬡ (Balinese script)
• অধমর্ণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰠𑰦𑰨𑰿𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀥𑀫𑀭𑁆𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• အဓမရ်္ဏ (Burmese script)
• અધમર્ણ (Gujarati script)
• ਅਧਮਰ੍ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌧𑌮𑌰𑍍𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦣꦩꦂꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂡𑂧𑂩𑂹𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಅಧಮರ್ಣ (Kannada script)
• អធមណ៌ (Khmer script)
• ອຘມຣ຺ຓ (Lao script)
• അധമര്ണ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᢡᠠᠮᠠᡵᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘠𑘦𑘨𑘿𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢑᠾᠠᠮᠠᠷᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑧀𑧆𑧈𑧠𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐢𑐩𑐬𑑂𑐞 (Newa script)
• ଅଧମର୍ଣ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢤꢪꢬ꣄ꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆣𑆩𑆫𑇀𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖠𑖦𑖨𑖿𑖜 (Siddham script)
• අධමර්‍ණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩮𑩴𑩼 𑪙𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚜𑚢𑚤𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
• அத⁴மர்ண (Tamil script)
• అధమర్ణ (Telugu script)
• อธมรฺณ (Thai script)
• ཨ་དྷ་མ་རྞ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒡𑒧𑒩𑓂𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨜𑨢𑨫𑩇𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From अधम (adhama, “lowest, worst, very low, very vile”) +‎ ऋण (ṛṇa, “debt”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.dʱɐ.mɐɾ.ɳɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.d̪ʱɐˈmɐɾ.ɳɐ/

Noun

अधमर्ण • (adhamarṇa) stem, m

1. one reduced to inferiority by incurring debt; a debtor

   Synonym: ऋणिन् (ṛṇin)

   Antonyms: उत्तमर्ण (uttamarṇa), अर्णिन् (arṇin)

   • 2024 July 6, Nityānanda Miśra, YouTube‎^[1] (Community post), archived from the original on 8 July 2024:

     ‘यूट्यूब’इत्यत्र मम लक्षस्यानुग्राहकाणामधमर्णोऽस्मि। भवद्भ्यः सर्वेभ्यो धन्यवादः।

     ‘yūṭyūba’ityatra mama lakṣasyānugrāhakāṇāmadhamarṇoʼsmi. bhavadbhyaḥ sarvebhyo dhanyavādaḥ.

     I am indebted to have 100,000 subscribers on YouTube. Thanks to all of you.

     (literally, “I am a debtor of my 100,000 subscribers on YouTube. Thanks to all of you.”)

   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 8.47:

     अधमर्णार्थसिद्ध्यर्थम् उत्तमर्णेन चोदितः ।
     दापयेद्धनिकस्यार्थम् अधमर्णाद्विभावितम् ॥

     adhamarṇārthasiddhyartham uttamarṇena coditaḥ.
     dāpayeddhanikasyārtham adhamarṇādvibhāvitam.

     • Translation by Georg Bühler

       When a creditor sues (before the king) for the recovery of money from a debtor, let him make the debtor pay the sum which the creditor proves (to be due).

   • c. 1675, Paramānanda, Śivabhārata 23.70:

     शरैः शिवानीकचरप्रयुक्तैर्निपेतुषा शैलजुषा जनेन ।
     मन्येऽधमर्णप्रतिमेन भर्त्रे प्रत्यर्पितोऽभूदशितो धनौघः ॥

     śaraiḥ śivānīkacaraprayuktairnipetuṣā śailajuṣā janena.
     manyeʼdhamarṇapratimena bhartre pratyarpitoʼbhūdaśito dhanaughaḥ.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अधमर्ण (adhamarṇa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अधमर्णः adhamarṇaḥ	अधमर्णौ / अधमर्णा¹ adhamarṇau / adhamarṇā¹	अधमर्णाः / अधमर्णासः¹ adhamarṇāḥ / adhamarṇāsaḥ¹
Vocative	अधमर्ण adhamarṇa	अधमर्णौ / अधमर्णा¹ adhamarṇau / adhamarṇā¹	अधमर्णाः / अधमर्णासः¹ adhamarṇāḥ / adhamarṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	अधमर्णम् adhamarṇam	अधमर्णौ / अधमर्णा¹ adhamarṇau / adhamarṇā¹	अधमर्णान् adhamarṇān
Instrumental	अधमर्णेन adhamarṇena	अधमर्णाभ्याम् adhamarṇābhyām	अधमर्णैः / अधमर्णेभिः¹ adhamarṇaiḥ / adhamarṇebhiḥ¹
Dative	अधमर्णाय adhamarṇāya	अधमर्णाभ्याम् adhamarṇābhyām	अधमर्णेभ्यः adhamarṇebhyaḥ
Ablative	अधमर्णात् adhamarṇāt	अधमर्णाभ्याम् adhamarṇābhyām	अधमर्णेभ्यः adhamarṇebhyaḥ
Genitive	अधमर्णस्य adhamarṇasya	अधमर्णयोः adhamarṇayoḥ	अधमर्णानाम् adhamarṇānām
Locative	अधमर्णे adhamarṇe	अधमर्णयोः adhamarṇayoḥ	अधमर्णेषु adhamarṇeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• आधमर्ण्य (ādhamarṇya)

Descendants

• → Assamese: অধমৰ্ণ (odhomorno)
• → Bengali: অধমর্ণ (odhomorno)
• → Gujarati: અધમર્ણ (adhamarṇ)
• → Hindi: अधमर्ण (adhmarṇ)
• → Kannada: ಅಧಮರ್ಣ (adhamarṇa)
• → Malayalam: അധമർണ്ണന് (adhamaṟṇṇanŭ)
• → Marathi: अधमर्ण (adhmarṇa)
• → Odia: ଅଧମର୍ଣ୍ଣ (adhamarṇṇa)
• → Tamil: அதமர்ணம் (atamarṇam)
• → Telugu: అధమర్ణుడు (adhamarṇuḍu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “अधमर्ण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 19.