कटाह

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

কটাহ (Assamese script)
ᬓᬝᬵᬳ (Balinese script)
কটাহ (Bengali script)
𑰎𑰘𑰯𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀓𑀝𑀸𑀳 (Brahmi script)
ကဋာဟ (Burmese script)
કટાહ (Gujarati script)
ਕਟਾਹ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌕𑌟𑌾𑌹 (Grantha script)
ꦏꦛꦴꦲ (Javanese script)
𑂍𑂗𑂰𑂯 (Kaithi script)
ಕಟಾಹ (Kannada script)
កដាហ (Khmer script)
ກຏາຫ (Lao script)
കടാഹ (Malayalam script)
ᡬᠠᢞᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘎𑘘𑘰𑘮 (Modi script)
ᢉᠠᢌᠠᢗᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦮𑦸𑧑𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
𑐎𑐚𑐵𑐴 (Newa script)
କଟାହ (Odia script)
ꢒꢜꢵꢲ (Saurashtra script)
𑆑𑆛𑆳𑆲 (Sharada script)
𑖎𑖘𑖯𑖮 (Siddham script)
කටාහ (Sinhalese script)
𑩜𑩦𑩛𑪂 (Soyombo script)
𑚊𑚔𑚭𑚩 (Takri script)
கடாஹ (Tamil script)
కటాహ (Telugu script)
กฏาห (Thai script)
ཀ་ཊཱ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
𑒏𑒙𑒰𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
𑨋𑨔𑨊𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation edit

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐ.ʈɑː.ɦɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /kɐˈʈɑː.ɦɐ/

Etymology 1 edit

The origin is unknown. Possibly related to करट (karaṭa, “an elephant's temple”); however, this is likely coincidence, as the original meaning seems to be "pan, boiler". Dravidian comparanda such as Tamil கடாரம் (kaṭāram, “cauldron”) may be borrowed from Indo-Aryan.

Noun edit

कटाह • (kaṭāha) stem, m

a frying pan
a boiler, caldron, saucepan (of a semi-spheroidal shape and with handles)
a turtle's shell
anything shaped like a caldron (such as the temple of an elephant)
a well
a winnowing basket
a mound of earth
hell, the infernal regions

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of कटाह (kaṭāha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कटाहः kaṭāhaḥ	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहाः / कटाहासः¹ kaṭāhāḥ / kaṭāhāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कटाह kaṭāha	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहाः / कटाहासः¹ kaṭāhāḥ / kaṭāhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कटाहम् kaṭāham	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहान् kaṭāhān
Instrumental	कटाहेन kaṭāhena	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहैः / कटाहेभिः¹ kaṭāhaiḥ / kaṭāhebhiḥ¹
Dative	कटाहाय kaṭāhāya	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहेभ्यः kaṭāhebhyaḥ
Ablative	कटाहात् kaṭāhāt	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहेभ्यः kaṭāhebhyaḥ
Genitive	कटाहस्य kaṭāhasya	कटाहयोः kaṭāhayoḥ	कटाहानाम् kaṭāhānām
Locative	कटाहे kaṭāhe	कटाहयोः kaṭāhayoḥ	कटाहेषु kaṭāheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 2 edit

The origin is uncertain. Perhaps related to Etymology 1 above. Alternatively, from the same Dravidian source as खट्वा (khaṭvā, “bedstead, cot”).

Noun edit

कटाह • (kaṭāha) stem, m

a cot

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of कटाह (kaṭāha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कटाहः kaṭāhaḥ	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहाः / कटाहासः¹ kaṭāhāḥ / kaṭāhāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कटाह kaṭāha	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहाः / कटाहासः¹ kaṭāhāḥ / kaṭāhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कटाहम् kaṭāham	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहान् kaṭāhān
Instrumental	कटाहेन kaṭāhena	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहैः / कटाहेभिः¹ kaṭāhaiḥ / kaṭāhebhiḥ¹
Dative	कटाहाय kaṭāhāya	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहेभ्यः kaṭāhebhyaḥ
Ablative	कटाहात् kaṭāhāt	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहेभ्यः kaṭāhebhyaḥ
Genitive	कटाहस्य kaṭāhasya	कटाहयोः kaṭāhayoḥ	कटाहानाम् kaṭāhānām
Locative	कटाहे kaṭāhe	कटाहयोः kaṭāhayoḥ	कटाहेषु kaṭāheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 3 edit

Probably borrowed from Dravidian. Compare Tamil கடவு (kaṭavu, “male of sheep or goat”), Kannada ಕಡಸು (kaḍasu, “young cow that had not yet calved”).

Noun edit

कटाह • (kaṭāha) stem, m

a young female buffalo whose horns are just appearing

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of कटाह (kaṭāha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कटाहः kaṭāhaḥ	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहाः / कटाहासः¹ kaṭāhāḥ / kaṭāhāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कटाह kaṭāha	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहाः / कटाहासः¹ kaṭāhāḥ / kaṭāhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कटाहम् kaṭāham	कटाहौ / कटाहा¹ kaṭāhau / kaṭāhā¹	कटाहान् kaṭāhān
Instrumental	कटाहेन kaṭāhena	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहैः / कटाहेभिः¹ kaṭāhaiḥ / kaṭāhebhiḥ¹
Dative	कटाहाय kaṭāhāya	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहेभ्यः kaṭāhebhyaḥ
Ablative	कटाहात् kaṭāhāt	कटाहाभ्याम् kaṭāhābhyām	कटाहेभ्यः kaṭāhebhyaḥ
Genitive	कटाहस्य kaṭāhasya	कटाहयोः kaṭāhayoḥ	कटाहानाम् kaṭāhānām
Locative	कटाहे kaṭāhe	कटाहयोः kaṭāhayoḥ	कटाहेषु kaṭāheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants edit

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀟𑀸𑀳 (kaḍāha)
Hindi: कड़ाही (kaṛāhī, “karahi, frying pan”)

References edit

Monier Williams (1899) “कटाह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 243/3.
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “कटाह”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 48
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 142-143