Hindi

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha). Doublet of गाभ (gābh, pregnancy in animals)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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गर्भ (garbhm (Urdu spelling گربھ)

  1. womb

Declension

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Derived terms

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Marathi

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Marathi गर्भ (garbha), from Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha). Doublet of गाभा (gābhā).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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गर्भ (garbham

  1. womb
    Synonyms: गर्भाशय (garbhāśay), कूस (kūs)
  2. foetus, embryo
  3. (figuratively) the essence or centre of something

Declension

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Declension of गर्भ (masc cons-stem)
direct
singular
गर्भ
garbha
direct
plural
गर्भ
garbha
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा
गर्भ
garbha
गर्भ
garbha
oblique
सामान्यरूप
गर्भा
garbhaā
गर्भां-
garbhaān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी
गर्भाला
garbhaālā
गर्भांना
garbhaānnā
ergative गर्भाने, गर्भानं
garbhaāne, garbhaāna
गर्भांनी
garbhaānnī
instrumental गर्भाशी
garbhaāśī
गर्भांशी
garbhaānśī
locative
सप्तमी
गर्भात
garbhaāt
गर्भांत
garbhaāt
vocative
संबोधन
गर्भा
garbhaā
गर्भांनो
garbhaānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of गर्भ (masc cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म
feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म
neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म
oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular*
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता
गर्भाचा
garbhaāċā
गर्भाचे
garbhaāċe
गर्भाची
garbhaācī
गर्भाच्या
garbhaācā
गर्भाचे, गर्भाचं
garbhaāċe, garbhaāċa
गर्भाची
garbhaācī
गर्भाच्या
garbhaācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता
गर्भांचा
garbhaānċā
गर्भांचे
garbhaānċe
गर्भांची
garbhaāñcī
गर्भांच्या
garbhaāncā
गर्भांचे, गर्भांचं
garbhaānċe, garbhaānċa
गर्भांची
garbhaāñcī
गर्भांच्या
garbhaāñcā
* Note: Word-final (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

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  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “गर्भ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Tulpule, Shankar Gopal; Feldhaus, Anne, “गर्भ”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan, 1999.

Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷólbʰ-o-s, from *gʷelbʰ- (womb). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (garəβa), Ancient Greek δελφύς (delphús, womb).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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गर्भ (gárbha) stemm

  1. the womb
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.27.1:
      गर्भे॒ नु सन्नन्वे॑षामवेदम॒हं दे॒वानां॒ जनि॑मानि॒ विश्वा॑।
      श॒तं मा॒ पुर॒ आय॑सीररक्ष॒न्नध॑ श्ये॒नो ज॒वसा॒ निर॑दीयम्॥
      gárbhe nú sánnánveṣāmavedamaháṃ devā́nāṃ jánimāni víśvā.
      śatáṃ mā púra ā́yasīrarakṣannádha śyenó javásā níradīyam.
      Being still in the womb, I have known all the births of these divinities in their order; a hundred bodies of metal confined me, but as a hawk I came forth with speed.
  2. fetus, embryo
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.29.2:
      अ॒रण्यो॒र्निहि॑तो जा॒तवे॑दा॒ गर्भ॑ इव॒ सुधि॑तो ग॒र्भिणी॑षु।
      दि॒वेदि॑व॒ ईड्यो॑ जागृ॒वद्भि॑र्ह॒विष्म॑द्भिर्मनु॒ष्ये॑भिर॒ग्निः॥
      aráṇyorníhito jātávedā gárbha iva súdhito garbhíṇīṣu.
      divédiva ī́ḍyo jāgṛvádbhirhavíṣmadbhirmanuṣyèbhiragníḥ.
      Jātavedas has been deposited in the two sticks as the embryo is deposited in pregnant women; Agni is to be adored day by day by vigilant men laden with oblations.
  3. child, offspring, brood (especially of birds)
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.73.2:
      अभीवृतेव ता महापदेन ध्वान्तात्प्रपित्वादुदरन्त गर्भाः
      abhī́vṛteva tā́ mahāpadéna dhvāntā́tprapitvā́dúdaranta gárbhāḥ.
      As if encompassed by the Mighty-footed, from darkness, near at hand, forth came the Children.
  4. the inside, middle or interior of anything

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of गर्भ (gárbha)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गर्भः
gárbhaḥ
गर्भौ / गर्भा¹
gárbhau / gárbhā¹
गर्भाः / गर्भासः¹
gárbhāḥ / gárbhāsaḥ¹
Vocative गर्भ
gárbha
गर्भौ / गर्भा¹
gárbhau / gárbhā¹
गर्भाः / गर्भासः¹
gárbhāḥ / gárbhāsaḥ¹
Accusative गर्भम्
gárbham
गर्भौ / गर्भा¹
gárbhau / gárbhā¹
गर्भान्
gárbhān
Instrumental गर्भेण
gárbheṇa
गर्भाभ्याम्
gárbhābhyām
गर्भैः / गर्भेभिः¹
gárbhaiḥ / gárbhebhiḥ¹
Dative गर्भाय
gárbhāya
गर्भाभ्याम्
gárbhābhyām
गर्भेभ्यः
gárbhebhyaḥ
Ablative गर्भात्
gárbhāt
गर्भाभ्याम्
gárbhābhyām
गर्भेभ्यः
gárbhebhyaḥ
Genitive गर्भस्य
gárbhasya
गर्भयोः
gárbhayoḥ
गर्भाणाम्
gárbhāṇām
Locative गर्भे
gárbhe
गर्भयोः
gárbhayoḥ
गर्भेषु
gárbheṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  • ग॑भ” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 150, column 1.
  • Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “गर्भ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 083
  • Monier Williams (1899) “गर्भ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 349, column 2.
  • Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 284