गर्भ

See also: ग्रभ् and गर्व

Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha). Doublet of गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)

Pronunciation edit

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡəɾbʱ/, [ɡɐɾbʱ]

Noun edit

गर्भ • (garbh) m (Urdu spelling گربھ)

womb

Declension edit

Declension of गर्भ (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	गर्भ garbh	गर्भ garbh
oblique	गर्भ garbh	गर्भों garbhõ
vocative	गर्भ garbh	गर्भो garbho

Derived terms edit

गर्भावस्था (garbhāvasthā)
गर्भवती (garbhavtī)
गर्भिणी (garbhiṇī)
गर्भनली (garbhanlī)
गर्भपात (garbhapāt)

Related terms edit

गर्भाशय (garbhāśay)

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

গৰ্ভ (Assamese script)
ᬕᬃᬪ (Balinese script)
গর্ভ (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰨𑰿𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀪 (Brahmi script)
ဂရ်္ဘ (Burmese script)
ગર્ભ (Gujarati script)
ਗਰ੍ਭ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑌰𑍍𑌭 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦂꦨ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂩𑂹𑂦 (Kaithi script)
ಗರ್ಭ (Kannada script)
គភ៌ (Khmer script)
ຄຣ຺ຠ (Lao script)
ഗര്ഭ (Malayalam script)
ᡤᠠᡵᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘨𑘿𑘥 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᠷᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧈𑧠𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐬𑑂𑐨 (Newa script)
ଗର୍ଭ (Odia script)
ꢔꢬ꣄ꢩ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆫𑇀𑆨 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖨𑖿𑖥 (Siddham script)
ගර්‍භ (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩼 𑪙𑩳 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚤𑚶𑚡 (Takri script)
க³ர்ப⁴ (Tamil script)
గర్భ (Telugu script)
ครฺภ (Thai script)
ག་རྦྷ (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒩𑓂𑒦 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨫𑩇𑨡 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷólbʰ-o-s, from *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gar^əβa), Ancient Greek δελφύς (delphús, “womb”).

Pronunciation edit

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ́ɾ.bʱɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐɾ.bʱɐ/

Noun edit

गर्भ • (gárbha) stem, m

the womb
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.27.1:
  गर्भे नु सन्नन्वेषामवेदमहं देवानां जनिमानि विश्वा।
  शतं मा पुर आयसीररक्षन्नध श्येनो जवसा निरदीयम्॥
  gárbhe nú sánnánveṣāmavedamahám devā́nām jánimāni víśvā. śatám mā púra ā́yasīrarakṣannádha śyenó javásā níradīyam.
  As I lay within the womb, I considered all generations of these Gods in order.
  A hundred iron fortresses confined me but forth I flew with rapid speed as a Falcon.
fetus, embryo
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.29.2:
  अरण्योर्निहितो जातवेदा गर्भ इव सुधितो गर्भिणीषु।
  aráṇyorníhito jātávedā gárbha iva súdhito garbhíṇīṣu
  In the two fire-sticks Jātavedas lieth, just like the well-placed embryo in pregnant women.
child, offspring, brood (especially of birds)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.73.2:
  अभीवृतेव ता महापदेन ध्वान्तात्प्रपित्वादुदरन्त गर्भाः॥
  abhī́vṛteva tā́ mahāpadéna dhvāntā́tprapitvā́dúdaranta gárbhāḥ.
  As if encompassed by the Mighty-footed, from darkness, near at hand, forth came the Children.
the inside, middle or interior of anything
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of गर्भ (gárbha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गर्भः gárbhaḥ	गर्भौ / गर्भा¹ gárbhau / gárbhā¹	गर्भाः / गर्भासः¹ gárbhāḥ / gárbhāsaḥ¹
Vocative	गर्भ gárbha	गर्भौ / गर्भा¹ gárbhau / gárbhā¹	गर्भाः / गर्भासः¹ gárbhāḥ / gárbhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गर्भम् gárbham	गर्भौ / गर्भा¹ gárbhau / gárbhā¹	गर्भान् gárbhān
Instrumental	गर्भेण gárbheṇa	गर्भाभ्याम् gárbhābhyām	गर्भैः / गर्भेभिः¹ gárbhaiḥ / gárbhebhiḥ¹
Dative	गर्भाय gárbhāya	गर्भाभ्याम् gárbhābhyām	गर्भेभ्यः gárbhebhyaḥ
Ablative	गर्भात् gárbhāt	गर्भाभ्याम् gárbhābhyām	गर्भेभ्यः gárbhebhyaḥ
Genitive	गर्भस्य gárbhasya	गर्भयोः gárbhayoḥ	गर्भाणाम् gárbhāṇām
Locative	गर्भे gárbhe	गर्भयोः gárbhayoḥ	गर्भेषु gárbheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms edit

गर्भिणी (garbhíṇī, “pregnant”)
सगर्भ्य (ságarbhya, “full-blooded brother”)
आकाशगर्भ (ākāśagarbha)

Descendants edit

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
- Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘰𑘥 (gābha)
⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪-𑀅 (*gabbha-a)
- Old Marathi:
  Devanagari script: गाभा (gābhā)
  
  Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘥𑘰 (gābhā)
  - Marathi: गाभा (gābhā)
Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਗੱਭ (gabbha, “middle”)
Pali: gabbha
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
- Hindi: गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)
→ Hindi: गर्भ (garbh)
→ Kannada: ಗರ್ಭ (garbha)
→ Khmer: គភ៌ (kɔə)
→ Lao: ຄັນ (khan)
→ Malayalam: ഗർഭം (gaṟbhaṁ)
→ Tamil: கருப்பம் (karuppam)
→ Telugu: గర్భము (garbhamu)
→ Thai: ครรภ์ (kan)

References edit

“ग॑भ” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 150, column 1.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “गर्भ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 083
Monier Williams (1899) “गर्भ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 349, column 2.
Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 284