पठ्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

পঠ্ (Assamese script)
ᬧᬞ᭄ (Balinese script)
পঠ্ (Bengali script)
𑰢𑰙𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀧𑀞𑁆 (Brahmi script)
ပဌ် (Burmese script)
પઠ્ (Gujarati script)
ਪਠ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌪𑌠𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦥꦜ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂣𑂘𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಪಠ್ (Kannada script)
បឋ៑ (Khmer script)
ປຐ຺ (Lao script)
പഠ് (Malayalam script)
ᢒᠠᡱ (Manchu script)
𑘢𑘙𑘿 (Modi script)
ᢒᠠᢍ (Mongolian script)
𑧂𑦹𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐥𑐛𑑂 (Newa script)
ପଠ୍ (Odia script)
ꢦꢝ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆥𑆜𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖢𑖙𑖿 (Siddham script)
පඨ් (Sinhalese script)
𑩰𑩧 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚞𑚕𑚶 (Takri script)
பட்² (Tamil script)
పఠ్ (Telugu script)
ปฐฺ (Thai script)
པ་ཋ྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒣𑒚𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨞𑨕𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Likely a "school-speak" derivative of प्रथ् (prath, “to spread”), perhaps as a "spreading out" of rehearsed text during an oral recitation, and/or because books and scrolls are spread out when they are read.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɐʈʰ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɐʈʰ/

Root

पठ् • (paṭh)

to read or repeat aloud, recite, rehearse
to repeat or pronounce the name of a god, to invoke
to read or repeat or recite to one's self, to peruse, study
to teach, cite, quote, mention, express, declare
to learn from

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root पठ्‎ (0 c, 2 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

पठति (páṭhati, Present)
पठिष्यति (paṭhiṣyáti, Future)
पठिता (paṭhitā́, Periphrastic Future)
अपठीत् (ápaṭhīt, Aorist)
अपाठीत् (ápāṭhīt, Aorist)
पपाठ (papā́ṭha, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

पठ्यते (paṭhyáte, Passive)
अपाठि (ápāṭhi, Passive Aorist)
पाठयति (pāṭháyati, Causative)
अपीपठत् (ápīpaṭhat, Causative Aorist)
पिपठिषति (pipaṭhiṣati, Desiderative)
पापठीति (pāpaṭhīti, Intensive)
पापठ्यते (pāpaṭhyate, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

पठित्वा (paṭhitvā́, Gerund)
पठित (paṭhitá, Past Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

पठक (paṭhaka)
पठन (paṭhana)
पठिति (paṭhiti)
पाठ (pāṭha)
पाठक (pāṭhaka)
पाठिन् (pāṭhin)
पाठ्य (pāṭhya)
पाठन (pāṭhana)

Descendants

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root पठ्‎ (1 c, 0 e)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “पठ्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 580/1.
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 93
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “paṭaurá- - páḍbiśa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 68
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 193
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “páṭhati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press