प्रिय
Hindi
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रिय (priya).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editप्रिय • (priya) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پریہ)
Noun
editप्रिय • (priya) m (Urdu spelling پریہ)
Declension
editSanskrit
editAlternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- প্ৰিয় (Assamese script)
- ᬧ᭄ᬭᬶᬬ (Balinese script)
- প্রিয় (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰰𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀺𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- ပြိယ (Burmese script)
- પ્રિય (Gujarati script)
- ਪ੍ਰਿਯ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌿𑌯 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦿꦶꦪ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂱𑂨 (Kaithi script)
- ಪ್ರಿಯ (Kannada script)
- ប្រិយ (Khmer script)
- ປ຺ຣິຍ (Lao script)
- പ്രിയ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡵᡳᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘱𑘧 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠷᠢᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧒𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫 (Newa script)
- ପ୍ରିଯ (Odia script)
- ꢦ꣄ꢬꢶꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆴𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖰𑖧 (Siddham script)
- ප්රිය (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩑𑩻 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚮𑚣 (Takri script)
- ப்ரிய (Tamil script)
- ప్రియ (Telugu script)
- ปฺริย (Thai script)
- པྲི་ཡ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒱𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨁𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *priHás (“dear, beloved”), from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“dear, liked, beloved”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (friia), Latin prō-prius (→ English proper, appropriate), Russian приятель (prijatelʹ, “friend”), English friend and free.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editप्रिय • (priyá) stem (comparative प्रेयस्, प्रियतर, superlative प्रेष्ठ, प्रियतम)
- beloved, dear to (with locative or genitive or dative of the subject or in compounds)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.114.7:
- मा नो महान्तमुत मा नो अर्भकं मा न उक्षन्तमुत मा न उक्षितम् ।
मा नो वधीः पितरं मोत मातरं मा नः प्रियास्तन्वो रुद्र रीरिषः ॥- mā no mahāntamuta mā no arbhakaṃ mā na ukṣantamuta mā na ukṣitam.
mā no vadhīḥ pitaraṃ mota mātaraṃ mā naḥ priyāstanvo rudra rīriṣaḥ. - O Rudra, harm not either great or small of us, harm not the growing boy, harm not the full-grown man.
Slay not a sire among us, slay no mother here, and do not harm our own dear bodies, O Rudra.
- mā no mahāntamuta mā no arbhakaṃ mā na ukṣantamuta mā na ukṣitam.
- मा नो महान्तमुत मा नो अर्भकं मा न उक्षन्तमुत मा न उक्षितम् ।
- liked, favorite, wonted, own
- fond of, attached to
Declension
editMasculine a-stem declension of प्रिय (priyá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | प्रियः priyáḥ |
प्रियौ / प्रिया¹ priyaú / priyā́¹ |
प्रियाः / प्रियासः¹ priyā́ḥ / priyā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | प्रिय príya |
प्रियौ / प्रिया¹ príyau / príyā¹ |
प्रियाः / प्रियासः¹ príyāḥ / príyāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | प्रियम् priyám |
प्रियौ / प्रिया¹ priyaú / priyā́¹ |
प्रियान् priyā́n |
Instrumental | प्रियेण priyéṇa |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियैः / प्रियेभिः¹ priyaíḥ / priyébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | प्रियाय priyā́ya |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियेभ्यः priyébhyaḥ |
Ablative | प्रियात् priyā́t |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियेभ्यः priyébhyaḥ |
Genitive | प्रियस्य priyásya |
प्रिययोः priyáyoḥ |
प्रियाणाम् priyā́ṇām |
Locative | प्रिये priyé |
प्रिययोः priyáyoḥ |
प्रियेषु priyéṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of प्रिया (priyā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | प्रिया priyā́ |
प्रिये priyé |
प्रियाः priyā́ḥ |
Vocative | प्रिये príye |
प्रिये príye |
प्रियाः príyāḥ |
Accusative | प्रियाम् priyā́m |
प्रिये priyé |
प्रियाः priyā́ḥ |
Instrumental | प्रियया / प्रिया¹ priyáyā / priyā́¹ |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियाभिः priyā́bhiḥ |
Dative | प्रियायै priyā́yai |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियाभ्यः priyā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | प्रियायाः / प्रियायै² priyā́yāḥ / priyā́yai² |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियाभ्यः priyā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | प्रियायाः / प्रियायै² priyā́yāḥ / priyā́yai² |
प्रिययोः priyáyoḥ |
प्रियाणाम् priyā́ṇām |
Locative | प्रियायाम् priyā́yām |
प्रिययोः priyáyoḥ |
प्रियासु priyā́su |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of प्रिय (priyá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | प्रियम् priyám |
प्रिये priyé |
प्रियाणि / प्रिया¹ priyā́ṇi / priyā́¹ |
Vocative | प्रिय príya |
प्रिये príye |
प्रियाणि / प्रिया¹ príyāṇi / príyā¹ |
Accusative | प्रियम् priyám |
प्रिये priyé |
प्रियाणि / प्रिया¹ priyā́ṇi / priyā́¹ |
Instrumental | प्रियेण priyéṇa |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियैः / प्रियेभिः¹ priyaíḥ / priyébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | प्रियाय priyā́ya |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियेभ्यः priyébhyaḥ |
Ablative | प्रियात् priyā́t |
प्रियाभ्याम् priyā́bhyām |
प्रियेभ्यः priyébhyaḥ |
Genitive | प्रियस्य priyásya |
प्रिययोः priyáyoḥ |
प्रियाणाम् priyā́ṇām |
Locative | प्रिये priyé |
प्रिययोः priyáyoḥ |
प्रियेषु priyéṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Bengali: প্রিয় (priẏo)
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀺𑀬 (piya)
- Awadhi: पिया (piyā)
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: [script needed] (piye)
- Helu Prakrit:
- Sinhalese: පිය (piya)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀺𑀬 (piya)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀺𑀬 (piya)
- Marathi: पियो (piyo)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Pali: piya
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀺𑀬 (piya)
Borrowed terms
editReferences
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “प्रिय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 710/1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 189-190
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “priyá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations