बृहत्

See also: बहुत

Hindi

Alternative forms

• वृहत् (vŕhat), वृहत (vŕhat), बृहत (bŕhat)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit बृहत् (bṛhat). Doublet of बुलंद (buland).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /bɾɪ.ɦət̪/

Adjective

बृहत् • (bŕhat) (indeclinable)

1. (literary, in compounds) large, great, big; mighty, strong
   • 2006, Harendra Prasad Sinha, भारतीय दर्शन की रूपरेखा [Outline of Indian Philosophy]‎^[1], Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page शरीर के आकार में अन्तर होने के कारण आत्मा के भी भिन्न-भिन्न आकार हो जाते हैं। हाथी में निवास करने वाली आत्मा का रूप बृहत् है।, →ISBN:

     Due to the difference in the size of the body, the soul also has varying shapes. The form of the soul residing in the elephant is large.

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “बृहत्”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 3542
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “बृहत्”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 744

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• वृहत् (vṛhat) – later variant

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬩᬺᬳᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
• বৃহত্ (Assamese script)
• বৃহত্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰤𑰴𑰮𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀩𑀾𑀳𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌬𑍃𑌹𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
• બૃહત્ (Gujarati script)
• ਬ੍ਹਹਤੑ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦧꦽꦲꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
• ព្ឫហត៑ (Khmer script)
• ಬೃಹತ್ (Kannada script)
• ພ຺ຣິຫຕ຺ (Lao script)
• ബൃഹത് (Malayalam script)
• 𑘤𑘵𑘮𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠷᢈᠾᠠᢐ (Mongolian script)
• ᠪᡵᡳᡥᠠᢠ (Manchu script)
• ဗၖဟတ် (Burmese script)
• 𑧄𑧖𑧎𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐧𑐺𑐴𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
• ବୃହତ୍ (Oriya script)
• ꢨꢺꢲꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆧𑆸𑆲𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖤𑖴𑖮𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
• බෘහත් (Sinhalese script)
• బృహత్ (Telugu script)
• พฺฤหตฺ (Thai script)
• བྲྀ་ཧ་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒥𑒵𑒯𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰáns, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high, lofty”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬙‎ (bər^əzaṇt), Persian بلند‎ (boland). The Sanskrit root is बृह् (bṛh, “to be thick, grow great or strong, increase, expand”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /br̩.ɦɐ́t/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈbr̩.ɦɐt̪/

Adjective

बृहत् • (bṛhát)

1. large, great, big, bulky, lofty; long, tall; mighty, strong
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.52.9.1:

     बृहत्स्वश्चन्द्रममवद्यदुक्थ्यमकृण्वत भियसा रोहणं दिवः ।

     bṛhatsvaścandramamavadyadukthyamakṛṇvata bhiyasā rohaṇaṃ divaḥ .

     In fear they raised the lofty self-resplendent hymn, praise giving and effectual, leading up to heaven.

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.27.7.2:

     बृहन्मित्रस्य वरुणस्य शर्मोप स्याम पुरुवीरा अरिष्टाः ॥

     bṛhanmitrasya varuṇasya śarmopa syāma puruvīrā ariṣṭāḥ .

     May we uninjured, girt by many heroes, win Varuna's and Mitra's great protection.

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.108.9:

     अभि द्युम्नं बृहद्यश इषस्पते दिदीहि देव देवयुः । वि कोशं मध्यमं युव ॥

     abhi dyumnaṃ bṛhadyaśa iṣaspate didīhi deva devayuḥ . vi kośaṃ madhyamaṃ yuva .

     Make great glory shine on us, thou Lord of strengthening food, God, as the Friend of Gods: Unclose the fount of middle air.

   • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 5.12.10.1:

     एवं कृशं स्थूलमणुर्बृहद्यदसच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत् ।

     evaṃ kṛśaṃ sthūlamaṇurbṛhadyadasacca sajjīvamajīvamanyat .

     Thus, [all] that is skinny, fat, tiny, big is untrue and other true living things are lifeless.

   • c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 6.53.22:

     काञ्चनाङ्गदकेयूरो निष्काभरणभूषितः । कुम्भकर्णो बृहत्कर्णः सुहुतोऽग्निरिवाबभौ ॥

     kāñcanāṅgadakeyūro niṣkābharaṇabhūṣitaḥ . kumbhakarṇo bṛhatkarṇaḥ suhutoʼgnirivābabhau .

     Kumbhakarna with long ears, adorned with golden armlets and bracelets worn on his upper arms along with ornament for his breast, shone like fire, well-fed with oblations.

2. clear, loud, hight (as sound)

Declension

Masculine at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhat)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	बृहान् bṛhān	बृहन्तौ bṛhantau	बृहन्तः bṛhantaḥ
Vocative	बृहन् bṛhan	बृहन्तौ bṛhantau	बृहन्तः bṛhantaḥ
Accusative	बृहन्तम् bṛhantam	बृहन्तौ bṛhantau	बृहतः bṛhataḥ
Instrumental	बृहता bṛhatā	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भिः bṛhadbhiḥ
Dative	बृहते bṛhate	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ
Ablative	बृहतः bṛhataḥ	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ
Genitive	बृहतः bṛhataḥ	बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ	बृहताम् bṛhatām
Locative	बृहति bṛhati	बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ	बृहत्सु bṛhatsu

Feminine ī-stem declension of बृहती (bṛhatī́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	बृहती bṛhatī́	बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛhatyaù / bṛhatī́¹	बृहत्यः / बृहतीः¹ bṛhatyàḥ / bṛhatī́ḥ¹
Vocative	बृहति bṛ́hati	बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛ́hatyau / bṛhatī́¹	बृहत्यः / बृहतीः¹ bṛ́hatyaḥ / bṛ́hatīḥ¹
Accusative	बृहतीम् bṛhatī́m	बृहत्यौ / बृहती¹ bṛhatyaù / bṛhatī́¹	बृहतीः bṛhatī́ḥ
Instrumental	बृहत्या bṛhatyā̀	बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām	बृहतीभिः bṛhatī́bhiḥ
Dative	बृहत्यै bṛhatyaì	बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām	बृहतीभ्यः bṛhatī́bhyaḥ
Ablative	बृहत्याः bṛhatyā̀ḥ	बृहतीभ्याम् bṛhatī́bhyām	बृहतीभ्यः bṛhatī́bhyaḥ
Genitive	बृहत्याः bṛhatyā̀ḥ	बृहत्योः bṛhatyòḥ	बृहतीनाम् bṛhatī́nām
Locative	बृहत्याम् bṛhatyā̀m	बृहत्योः bṛhatyòḥ	बृहतीषु bṛhatī́ṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhat)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	बृहत् bṛhat	बृहती bṛhatī	बृहन्ति bṛhanti
Vocative	बृहत् bṛhat	बृहती bṛhatī	बृहन्ति bṛhanti
Accusative	बृहत् bṛhat	बृहती bṛhatī	बृहन्ति bṛhanti
Instrumental	बृहता bṛhatā	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भिः bṛhadbhiḥ
Dative	बृहते bṛhate	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ
Ablative	बृहतः bṛhataḥ	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ
Genitive	बृहतः bṛhataḥ	बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ	बृहताम् bṛhatām
Locative	बृहति bṛhati	बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ	बृहत्सु bṛhatsu

Descendants

• Dhivehi: ބޮޑު‎ (boḍu)
• → Hindi: बृहत् (bŕhat), वृहत् (vŕhat), वृहत (vŕhat), बृहत (bŕhat)

Noun

बृहत् • (bṛhát) n

1. height
2. sky, heaven

Declension

Neuter at-stem declension of बृहत् (bṛhat)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	बृहत् bṛhat	बृहती bṛhatī	बृहन्ति bṛhanti
Vocative	बृहत् bṛhat	बृहती bṛhatī	बृहन्ति bṛhanti
Accusative	बृहत् bṛhat	बृहती bṛhatī	बृहन्ति bṛhanti
Instrumental	बृहता bṛhatā	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भिः bṛhadbhiḥ
Dative	बृहते bṛhate	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ
Ablative	बृहतः bṛhataḥ	बृहद्भ्याम् bṛhadbhyām	बृहद्भ्यः bṛhadbhyaḥ
Genitive	बृहतः bṛhataḥ	बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ	बृहताम् bṛhatām
Locative	बृहति bṛhati	बृहतोः bṛhatoḥ	बृहत्सु bṛhatsu

Adverb

बृहत् • (bṛhat)

1. greatly, much, highly
2. mightily
3. aloud, loudly

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “बृहत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 735.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2023), “bṛhat”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “बृहत्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1171
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “बृहत्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 197
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “br̥hánt”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 527